南京地区夏大豆田蚜虫的消长与大豆花叶病毒(SMV)病的流行

南京地区夏大豆田的定殖蚜虫主要是大豆蚜(Aphis glycines)。1987和1988两年黄皿共诱到29种蚜虫,其中以大豆蚜数量最多,是传播SMV的主要介体,其他介体蚜虫有:绣线菊蚜(A.citricola),豆蚜(A.craccivora)、棉蚜(A.gossypii)、萝卜蚜(Lipaphis erysimi)、桃蚜(Myzus persicae)、玉米蚜(Rhopalosiphum maidis)、麦二叉蚜(Schizaphis graminum)和二叶草彩斑蚜(Therioaphis trifolii)。1987年蚜虫迁飞峰出现在大豆花期以前,2周后田间出现发病高峰,SMV发病增长率与蚜虫迁飞量呈显著的线性正相关(P<0.01);1988年蚜虫迁飞峰发生在大豆花期以后,其迁飞量与SMV的流行无显著线性相关(P>0.05)。

STUDIES ON THE FLUCTUATION OF APHIDS AND THE EPIDEMIC OF SOYBEAN MOSAIC VIRUS IN GLYCINE MAX PLANTED IN SUMMER IN NANJING AREA

During 1987-1988,yellow pan traps were used in monitoring vector activity in summer soybean fields in Nanjing area.Because of the different climatic and environmental conditions,the phenology and numbers of alataes varied considerably.The aphids which colonized soybean were Aphis glycines,few A. craccivora and A. gossypii were found on soybean plants,Out of 29 species traped in the two years experiments,Aphis tricola,A. craccivora,A. glycines,A. gossypii,Lipaphis erysimi,M yzus persicae,Rhopalosiphum maidis,Schizaphis graminum and Therioaphis trifolii were known as SMV vectors.Aphis glycines was the main vector which spreaded SMV in summer soybean fields.In 1987,the migrate peak of aphids occured in the early grow-ing stage of soybean,the peak of disease incidence appeared two weeks later,and the increase rate of disease incidence was found to have positive correlation with the number of aphids,while in 1988,aphids had a migrate peak after the flowering of soybean and its population was not relevant to the epidemic of SMV.