金沙江干热河谷典型区土壤退化机理研究——土壤侵蚀对土壤退化的作用

云南省金沙江干热河谷典型区土壤侵蚀普遍而严重 ,对土壤退化有关键性影响。通过对该区不同退化土壤的侵蚀状况 ,从土壤侵蚀对土壤退化的空间分布格局 ,土壤侵蚀对土壤退化类型的发生和作用机制 ,探讨了土壤侵蚀对土壤退化的作用和影响。结果表明 :(1)侵蚀和水土流失是造成土壤退化的要因 ,不同侵蚀类型及其强度控制了土壤退化的空间分布 ;(2 )土壤侵蚀对土壤退化的作用机制主要是 :不同土壤侵蚀强度 ,决定了土壤退化发生类型的数量和程度 ;通过对该区几类主要土壤退化类型发生机制进行分析 ,看出土壤侵蚀是以冲刷剥蚀、搬运扩散和沉积掩埋等作用为主 ,造成和加速了土壤退化的发生和发展。

Mechanism of Soil Degradation in Dry and Hot Valley of Jinshajiang River Area -- Effect of Soil Erosion on Soil Degradation

The universal and serious soil erosion affects deeply on soil degradation in dry and hot valley of Jinshajiang River area, Yunnan province. Based on studies on soil erosion status of different degraded soils, spatial distribution of soil degradation induced by soil erosion and occurrence of different types of soil degradation conducted by soil erosion in the area, the effect and mechanism of soil erosion on soil degradation. The results show: (1) Soil and water loss is a key factor to induce the degradation of soils, and types and intensity of soil erosion control, the spatial distribution of soil degradation; (2) The main mechanisms of soil erosion to soil degradation are: the quantity and degrees of soil degradation depends on intensity of soil erosion; by washing and denudation, moving and sediment and burying, soil erosion results in and accelerates soil degradation according to mechanism analysis of several typical soil degradation.