近交系小鼠的遗传监测

近交系小鼠在医学与生物学研究领域占重要地位。近交系小鼠遗传质量影响着相关实验的可信度，监测方法主要包括：一般形态学标记、细胞遗传学标记、免疫学标记、生物化学标记和分子生物学标记等。一般形态学标记、细胞学标记、免疫学标记和生物化学标记都是外在表现型或者遗传物质载体的监测，易受外界因素干扰，并且不能覆盖全部染色体。分子生物学标记包括：限制性片段长度多态性、DNA指纹、随机遗传扩增DNA多态性和串联重复序列。分子生物学标记虽基于DNA水平进行监测，但目前尚无标准遗传背景图可供参考。为高速发展的现代医学服务急需建立标准遗传背景图谱。

Genetic Monitoring of the Inbred Mouse

The application of the inbred mouse plays an important role in the research of the medicine and biology. Credibility of the experiment would be affected by animal genetic quality. There have been many monitoring methods, such as common morphological, cytogenetical, immunodetection, biochemical and molecular biological and so on. Some methods except for last one aim at phenotype or genetic carrier and are easily disturbed by expernal environmental condition. There have been no normal print of RFLP, DNA finger, RAPD and STR. Molecular biological method needs consummator to adapt the developing medicine.