黑龙江大沾河湿地国家级自然保护区鸟类多样性及其保护

为了掌握黑龙江大沾河湿地国家级自然保护区的鸟类多样性和认识保护区目前存在的问题,我们通过查阅资料、鸟类环志和鸟类救护的方法对保护区的鸟类多样性进行了研究。结果表明黑龙江大沾河湿地国家级自然保护区分布有鸟类202种,国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类有东方白鹳、白头鹤、丹顶鹤、金雕4种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类有白枕鹤、苍鹰、鸳鸯等33种,鸟类多样性极其丰富。在鸟类保护工作方面,目前虽然保护区已经开展了大量的保护工作,但仍然存在经济发展与鸟类保护相矛盾、人为干扰严重、自然资源利用过度和环境污染加剧等问题。针对存在的问题,本文通过研究提出了保护区在今后鸟类多样性保护和管理方面的科学意见。

Bird Diversity and Conservation in Dazhanhe Wetland National Nature Reserve of Heilongjiang

To better understand bird biodiversity and conservation problems at Dazhanhe Wetland National Nature Reserve of Heilongjiang,we conducted a study using three datasets available from historical field records,bird banding,and bird rescue. Overall bird biodiversity was high with a total of 202 species recorded,including 4 species protected at first class national level（Oriental White Stork、Hooded Crane、Red - crowned Crane,Golden Eagle） and 33 species protected at second class national level（including White - naped Crane、Eurasian Goshawk.Mandarin Duck）.The Department of Wildlife Conservation and Management of Dazhanhe Nature Reserve is the agency responsible for protecting birds at Dazhanhe.We identified challenges facing bird conservation,including land use planning in a rapidly developing economy,high levels of human disturbance, excessive exploitation of natural resources,and environmental pollution.We offer suggestions for protection strategies to enhancing bird conservation at Dazhanhe.