基于水基反应成膜技术的聚合物包膜肥料的研制

以3种水基硅丙乳液(SD-528、SD-5281和GA-1710)为材料,利用水基反应成膜技术对这3种材料进行化学改性,制备了聚合物包膜肥料模型膜;研究了模型膜的养分扩散性能,在此基础上研制了水基聚合物包膜肥料;测定了包膜肥料养分释放曲线,并利用红外光声光谱对聚合物膜进行原位表征.结果表明,通过化学交联改性,硅丙基模型膜具有优良的成膜性和扩散性能,不同的乳液对包膜尿素的缓释效果影响显著;GA-1710和SD-528的缓释效果较好,在静态水中的释放时间可达到30 d,而SD-5281缓释性能较差,需要做进一步的化学改性;不同的乳液类型制备的包膜尿素的释放模式也不同,GA-1710累积释放曲线为"S"型,而SD-528为"L"型.因此,利用反应成膜技术,硅丙乳液在水基包膜肥料的研制中具有广阔的应用前景.

Development of water-borne polymer coated fertilizer using reacted layer technology

Three coating materials of silicones-acrylate emulsions(GA-1710、SD-528、SD-5281) were used to develop model membrane of polymer coated fertilizer through chemical modification (reacted layer technology). The nutrient diffusion property of model membrane was studied, and the polymer coated urea were developed; the release profiles of urea from the polymer coated urea were detected, and the coated membranes was characaterized using mid-infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy. The results showed that after chemical modification of crosslinker the silicones-acrylate emulsions had excellent properties of film-forming and urea-diffusing, which was suitable for the development of polymer coated fertilizer; the style of urea release was significantly different for different silicones-acrylate emulsion, and the release style of "S" was observed for GA-1710, and "L" for SD-528 and SD-5281. The slow release effects of urea were good for coated materials of GA-1710 and SD-528, and the release time in static water was 30 days, while the slow release effect for SD-5281 was poor, and further chemical modification should be made. Therefore, water-borne silicones-acrylate emulsion combining reacted layer technology showed great application potential in the development of water based polymer coated fertilizers.