鱼类对晶体氨基酸利用效率的研究进展*

 综述了鱼类对晶体氨基酸的利用效率及其影响因素。晶体氨基酸的溶失,晶体氨基酸与饲料中蛋白态氨基酸的吸收不同步主要影响了鱼类对晶体氨基酸的利用;饲料pH、饲料离子平衡、水温和氨基酸构型也会对晶体氨基酸的利用产生一定的影响;不同种类和大小的鱼类对晶体氨基酸的利用也有很大的差异。因此,可通过微胶囊或包被处理、增加投喂频率和调节饲料pH/离子平衡来提高鱼类对晶体氨基酸的利用效率。

A Review on Utilization of Crystalline Amino Acids by Fishes

The data reported in the update literatures on the effects of crystalline amino acids (CAA) on the growth, physiological and biochemical characters of fishes were discussed. The limiting factors in the utilization of CAA by fishes are related to the more rapid uptake and subsequent catabolism of the supplemented amino acid (AA), compared with intact protein ones, and the leaching loss of CAA in aquatic environments. Dietary pH and electrolyte balance, aquatic temperature and amino acids isomer have been shown to affect CAA utilization in several species. Species and size also have effects on the utilization of CAA by fish. The utilization of CAA can be improved by microencapsulation or coating procedure, increasing feeding frequaency and adjusting dietary pH/electrolyte balance.