从芸薹属作物同工酶和蛋白质表型差异探讨杂种优势机理

以芸薹种(Brassica campestrisL.,syn.B.rapaL.)的3个亚种,即白菜(B.campestrisL.ssp.chinensisM ak ino)、大白菜(B.campestrisssp.pekinensisO lsson)和芜菁(B.campestrisssp.rapifera(Matzg.)S insk)等芸薹作物为研究材料,对其杂种优势形成进行同工酶和蛋白质分析,结果表明:不同品种在同一生育期或同一品种在不同生育期酶谱和蛋白质表型有差异,但把各品种不同生育期的谱带叠加,所得到的总谱带是相同的;品种间杂交其F1的同工酶和蛋白质谱带不存在“杂种带”或“互补带”;酶谱和蛋白质表型上的差异,可能是芸薹属作物杂种优势产生的生理基础之一。

Approach to the Mechanism of Heterosis from Phenotypic Diversity of Isozyme and Protein in Brassica Crops

With the inbred lines "Aijiaohuang 97-3-2","Huangxinwu 003-27","Shanghaiqing 98-4-2" of Chinese cabbage-pak-choi(Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis Makino;syn.B.rapa L.ssp.chinensis),the inbred line "Baimanjing 001-24" of turnip B.campestris L.ssp.rapifera(Matzg.) Sinsk;syn.B.rapa L.ssp.rapifera],the inbred line "Huangyacai 97-8-6" of Chinese cabbage-pe-tsai(B.campestris L.ssp.pekinensis Olsson,syn.B.rapa L.ssp.pekinensis) and 6 hybrids as the experimental materials,the development of heterosis was studied by using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of isozyme and protein.The following results were obtained: In spite of the enzyme and protein diversity at one growth stage between different cultivars,the piled-up enzyme and protein patterns of all the growth stages were similar to each other.The pattern differences between F_1 generation and its parents could be detected at one growth stage,and the "hybrid band" or "complementary band" could be found in F_1's pattern at that stage,but the same band could also be found in its parents' pattern at another stage.The phenotypic diversity of enzyme and protein patterns was due to differences in gene expression of F_1 generation and its parents,which is controlled by the gene regulation system.All this should be considered as the basis of heterosis of Brassica crops.