保水剂吸水特性及对玉米苗期生长的影响

以3种保水剂及玉米为实验材料,采用室内测定不同保水剂的吸水特性及施入保水剂后温室盆栽玉米控水的方法,研究保水剂膨胀率、吸水特性及控水过程中保水剂对土壤水分、玉米苗期株高、基径等生长特征影响。结果表明,3种保水剂溶胀度可达147.0～296.3,吸水倍数可达57.70～290.9倍;吸水速率开始较快,45min后缓慢达到平衡;使用保水剂可增加盆栽玉米土壤含水量,抑制水分的蒸发。与对照相比,施用保水剂的玉米株高增加3.89%～22.10%,玉米基径增加50.00%～79.55%,根条数及根干重均好于对照。实验结果表明,3种保水剂的施用效果为沃特新型多功能保水剂最好,汉力淼保水剂、旱宝贝保水剂次之。保水剂能有效延长玉米植株死亡时间7d以上。

Effects of Super Absorbent Polymer on Water Absorbent Characteristics and Maize Seedlings Growth

Three super absorbent polymers(SAP) and maize were conducted experiment by using indoor SAP characteristics measurement and potting maize in greenhouse. Under water stress, soil water content (SWC), height and stem diameter of maize were measured after using SAP. The results showed that the range of swelling capacity of the 3 SAP was 147-296.30, and times of water absorption could achieve 57.70-290.9. At the beginning, water absorption rates were faster, began slowly after 45min, and then reached equilibrium. SWC of potted maize was enhanced and water evaporation was restrained by SAP. After using SAP, maize height was up to 3.89-22.10% and stem diameter to 50-79.55% by comparing with CK. Our results suggested that the effects of the 3 SAP were WT> HLM> HBB, and the death time of maize could be effectively extended to more than 7 days.