文冠果2种育苗技术的应用与对比试验

为提升文冠果苗木质量，增加育苗经济效益，将设施育苗方法与常规育苗技术相融合形成文冠果优质育苗技术，并对2种文冠果育苗技术在种苗质量性状和育苗经济效益方面进行比较分析，提出促进种苗生长和降低成本投入最适合的育苗技术，为文冠果田间育苗生产提供技术创新思路和实例参考。以文冠果良种“辽富1号”种子为供试材料，1年生种苗为测定对象，分别采用常规育苗技术和优质育苗技术(管膜一体化滴灌、水肥一体化施肥、大垄双行株行距、机械化播种)进行育苗，并对2种育苗技术繁育种苗的质量性状、产苗量、各级苗数量比例、经济效益等指标进行比较分析。优质育苗技术繁育的种苗，生长快、长势强，2个育苗基地种苗平均苗高可达104.87 cm(常规：73.91 cm),地径可达1.053 cm(常规：0.629 cm),侧枝发生率为6.45%(常规：12.96%),侧根数为12条(常规：7条)。优质育苗技术每667 m²产苗量为1.201万株，少于常规育苗技术产苗量1.334万株，但其Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级种苗数占总数的98%,远多于常规育苗技术的59.5%,其中，Ⅰ级苗占89.5%(常规：19.5%),Ⅱ级苗占8.5%(常规：40%)。优质育苗技术每667 m²成本投入为0.279万元，收入为1.168万元，利润为0.889万元，其成本投入低于常规育苗技术成本0.310万元，收入和利润均高于常规育苗技术的收入0.995万元和利润0.645万元，其利润高于常规利润37.8%,因此，优质育苗技术更适合文冠果生产育苗和推广。

Application and comparative experiments on two kinds of breeding techniques of Xanthoceras sorbifolium

In order to improve the quality of seedlings and increase the seedlings economic benefits of Xanthoceras sorbifolium, the facility seedling method and conventional seedling technology were combined to form a high-quality seedling technology of X. sorbifolium. In addition, the two kinds of seedling raising techniques were compared and analyzed in terms of seedling quality traits and seedling economic benefits, and the most suitable seedling technology for promoting seedling growth and reducing cost input was proposed, which provided technological innovation ideas and example reference for the field seedling production of X. sorbifolium. The seeds of fine variety “Liaofu 1” were used as the test materials, and the one year seedlings were used as the test objects. The conventional seedling technology and high-quality seedling technology(integrated drip irrigation with pipe film, integrated fertilization with water and fertilizer, large ridge double row plant row spacing and mechanized sowing) were used for seedling respectively, and compared and analyzed the quality traits, seedling yield, number rate of seedlings at various levels, economic benefits and other indicators of the two seedling techniques. The seedlings were bred by high-quality seedling technology had fast growth and strong growth. The average seedling height of the two seedling bases, could reached 104.87 cm(conventional: 73.91 cm), the ground diameter reached 1.053 cm(conventional: 0.629 cm), the incidence of side branches was 6.45%(conventional: 12.96%), and the number of lateral roots were 12(conventional: 7). The seedling yields of the high-quality seedling technology were 12 010 seedlings per 667 m², which was less than seedling yields of the conventional seedling technology that were 13 340 seedlings, but the total number of seedlings of grade I and grade II were 98% of the high-quality seedling technology that was far more than 59.5% of the conventional seedling technology. Among them, grade I seedlings were accounted for 89.5%(conventional: 19.5%), and grade II seedlings were accounted for 8.5%(conventional: 40%). The cost of high-quality seedling technology per 667 m²was 2 790 yuan, the income was 11 680 yuan, and the profit was 8 890 yuan, which invest was lower than the cost of conventional seedling technology by 3 100 yuan, and both income and profit were higher than the income and profit of conventional seedling technology that were 9 950 yuan and 6 450 yuan, which was 37.8% higher than the conventional profit. Therefore, the high-quality seedling technology was more suitable for the production and promotion of the seedlings of X. sorbifolium.