湖南烤烟营养元素含量与总糖和烟碱的关系

【目的】确定湖南烤烟矿质元素的适宜含量范围,为烤烟的营养平衡提供科学依据。【方法】对来自湖南8个烟区的61份C3F等级烤烟样品的营养元素及总糖、烟碱含量进行了测定,采用统计方法分析了营养元素与总糖及烟碱含量间的关系。【结果】当烤烟烟叶中的氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、硫、氯含量分别为15.0~20.0,1.5~4.0,15.0~30.0,22.13~27.38,1.50~2.50,5.50~7.00和3.00~4.40 g/kg,铜、锰、锌和硼的含量分别为17.69~18.34,140~168,34.36~54.31和11.87~40.00 mg/kg时,烟叶总糖和烟碱含量较为适宜,糖碱比为8~10,有利于吃吸味间的平衡。【结论】湖南烤烟营养元素在各烟区间存在较大的变异,其中氮、磷、钾、钙、锌、硼、氯含量适中,镁、铜、锰含量较低,硫含量较高,各烟区应根据烟叶矿质元素含量的状况平衡施肥。

Status of the contents of mineral elements and their relationships with total sugar and nicotine content in flue-cured tobacco leaves in Hunan province

Objective] In order to determine the feasible contents of mineral elements of flue-cured to- bacco in Hunan, and give a scientific base for nutrient balance of tobacco. Method] The contents of mineral elements,total sugar,and nicotine in flue-cured tobacco leaves were determined for 61 samples of grade C3F from 8 tobacco-growing countries in Hunan province,and the relationships between mineral elements and total sugar, nicotine contents were analyzed by using statistical methods. Result] When the contents of N,P,K,Ca,Mg,S,C1 were in the range of 15.0-20.0,1.5-4.0,15.0-30.0,22.13-27.38,1.50- 2.50,5.50-7.00,3.00-4.40 g/kg,and Cu,Mn, Zn,B were in the range of 17.69-18.34,140-168, 34.36-54.31,11.87-40.00 mg/kg respectively, the contents of total sugar and nicotine were suitable in general,and the ratio of total sugar to nicotine ranged from 8 to 10 with good balance for smoking quality indexes. Conclusion] There existed big variation of different mineral elements among different Hunan to- bacco-growing areas. The contents of Mg,Cu and Mn were low,the content of S was high,the contents of N,P,K,Ca,Zn,B and C1 were suitable. In the last,based on the status of the contents of mineral elements in tobacco leaves in 8 tobacco-growing countries,the suggestions for fertilization balance were given accordingly, each tobacco-growing area could be fetilized balanceably according to mineral elements in tobacco leaves.