双凸轮控制的水稻工厂化育秧有序铺盘机构设计与试验

针对目前水稻工厂化育秧过程中田间人工逐一铺盘导致的劳动强度大、作业成本高等问题，设计了对称布置组合双凸轮控制的自动铺盘机构，对其工作原理进行分析，以完成对叠摞秧盘的有序托盘、卡盘、放盘和回托4个动作，最终获得逐一铺盘的效果。建立了机构参数计算模型，编写了辅助分析和设计软件，优选得到一组较优机构参数：两凸轮基圆半径R1=15mm、R2=16mm，关键长度参数l1=15mm，l2=40mm，l3=30mm。研制了样机并采用正交试验设计方法进行了试验，结果表明，当铺盘机构的电机转速为600r/min，以每摞10个秧盘放入秧盘箱中，铺盘小车以速度50mm/s在龙门桁架上移动，距离地面约100mm的高度进行铺盘，总铺盘合格率达到97.16%，铺盘效率为360盘/h。该机构可以作为田间自动铺盘设备，以人工逐摞放盘取代人工逐个铺盘，降低了人工铺盘劳动强度，也可集成在育秧播种线上作为自动供盘装置。

Design and Experiment of Sequential Seedling Trays Laying Mechanism Controlled by Double Cams

In view of the problems of high labor intensity and high operation cost caused by the manually laying trays one by one in the field, a symmetrical arrangement of combination double cams controlled automatic tray laying mechanism was presented. The working principle of this mechanism was analyzed, to realize four actions of tray, chuck, separation and reset of stacked rice trays in order, and finally achieve the laying effect one by one in order. The parameter calculation model of the mechanism was established, and the auxiliary analysis and design software was written, and a set of optimal mechanism parameters were optimized as follows: base circle radius of the two cams were 15mm and 16mm, key length parameters were as follows: the extended length of the claw was 15mm, the width of the plate was 40mm, and the cam rotation center distance from the sheet metal shell wall was 30mm. The prototype was developed and the orthogonal experiment design method was used for experimental research. It was found that when the motor speed of the laying mechanism was 600r/min, totally 10 trays were put into the rice tray box in each pile, the trays were laid at a height of about 100mm from the ground, the passing rate of the total trays reached 97.16%, and the efficiency of the trays laying was 360 trays per hour. The mechanism can be loaded into the field automatic tray-laying equipment to replace manual plate-laying one by one and reduce the intensity of manual tray-laying. It can also be integrated into the seeding line as an automatic tray feed device.