不同叶面肥处理对日光温室“87-1”葡萄生长发育的影响

以日光温室"87-1"葡萄为试材,设置叶面喷施氨基酸系列肥(AA-S)、氨基酸硒肥(AA-Se)、氨基酸硒肥+微量元素(AA-Se+T)和喷清水(CK)4个处理,研究了不同叶面肥处理对日光温室葡萄生长发育的影响,以期为日光温室葡萄叶面肥的选择及改良研发提供参考依据。结果表明:与CK相比,喷施叶面肥处理显著提高了葡萄的成花枝率、结果系数、比叶干质量、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素总含量和成熟期果实的N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Mo等矿质元素含量,以及果实的可溶性固形物含量。其中,AA-Se+T处理的成花枝率、叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素总含量、类胡萝卜素含量、成熟期果实的N、P、K、Fe、Mn、B、Cu和Mo含量,以及可溶性固形物含量均显著高于AA-S处理和AA-Se处理,成熟期果实的Ca和Mg含量则以AA-S处理最高。Topsis综合评价分析,CI指数表现为AA-Se+T处理>AA-S处理>AA-Se处理>CK。综上所述,喷施叶面肥可以提高日光温室"87-1"葡萄的成花能力、叶片质量、果实矿质元素含量和果实品质,以AA-Se+T处理效果最佳。AA-S处理显著提高了成熟期果实的Ca、Mg含量,可用于解决果实缺钙问题和高钙果品的生产。

Effects of Different Foliar Fertilizer Treatments on the Growth and Development of Grape 687-1'in Solar Greenhouse

Taking’87-1’grapes in solar greenhouse as test material,four treatments including foliar spraying of amino acid series fertilizer(AA-S),amino acid selenium fertilizer(AA-Se),amino acid selenium fertilizer plus trace elements(AA-Se+T)and water(CK)were set to study the effects of different foliar fertilizer treatments on the growth and development of grapes in solar greenhouse,in order to provide reference for selecting foliar fertilizer of grapes in solar greenhouse.The results showed that compared with CK,spraying foliar fertilizer treatment significantly increased the flowering shoot rate,fruiting coefficient,dry leaf weight ratio,chlorophyll b content,total chlorophyll content,N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Cu,Mo content of ripening fruits,as well as the soluble solid content of the fruit.Among them,the flowering shoot rate,chlorophyll a content,chlorophyll b content,total chlorophyll content,carotenoid content,N,P,K,Fe,Mn,B,Cu,Mo content of mature fruits and the soluble solids content in AA-Se+T treatment were significantly higher than AA-S treatment and AA-Se treatment,the Ca and Mg content of mature fruit were the highest in AA-S treatment.Topsis comprehensive evaluation analysis,the CI index performance was AA-Se+T treatment>AA-S treatment>AA-Se treatment>CK.In summary,spraying foliar fertilizer could improve the flowering ability,leaf quality,fruit mineral element content and fruit quality of’87-1’grapes in the solar greenhouse,and the AA-Se+T treatment had the best effect.AA-S treatment significantly increased the Ca and Mg content of fruits at the mature stage,which could be used to solve the problem of calcium deficiency in fruits and the production of high-calcium fruits.