‘福山包头’大白菜叶柄黑点病发生特点及抗性分析

以‘福山包头’大白菜为试材,利用田间调查、显微观察和叶片离体培养的方法,对‘福山包头’系列大白菜叶柄黑点病的发生特点及抗性进行了研究,以期为改善‘福山包头’大白菜抗病性及新品种选育提供参考依据。结果表明:(1)大白菜叶柄黑点病主要发生于叶柄表皮细胞且起始于细胞周质或细胞壁,该病可发生于大白菜的整个生育期,且进入包心期后发展较快;(2)氮素能诱导叶柄黑点病的发生,且铵态氮较硝态氮诱导效果更明显;(3)氮素浓度与叶柄黑点病的发病程度呈正相关,但氮素并不是影响叶柄黑点病发生的唯一因素;(4)‘福山包头’系列大白菜种质资源中,‘福东2号’‘福山82’对叶柄黑点病的抗性较强,‘福小87-13-13’‘皱福’的抗性较弱。

Occurrence Characteristics of Petiole Spot and Resistance of 'Fushan Baotou'Chinese Cabbage

The characteristics and resistance of petiole spot disease of‘Fushan Baotou’Chinese cabbage were studied by field investigation,microscopic observation and in vitro culture of leaves.In order to improve‘Fushan Baotou’disease resistance and lay a foundation for new variety breeding.The results showed that,(1)the petiole spots disease mainly occur in the epidermal cells of the petiole and started from the periplasm or wall of the cell.It could occur in the whole growth period and it developed rapidly after entering folding stages.(2)Nitrogen affected the occurrence of the petiole spot disease,and the induction effect of ammonium nitrogen was more obvious than that of nitrate nitrogen.(3)The concentration of nitrogen was positively correlated with the incidence of pepper spot disease,but nitrogen was not the only factor.(4)‘Fudong 2’and‘Fushan 82’had strong resistance to pepper spot disease,and the resistance of‘Fuxiao 87-13-13’and‘Zhoufu’were weak in the germplasm resources of‘Fushan Baotou’series.