油茶扦插生根主要影响因子及生根相关酶动态

以小果油茶和普通油茶为材料,研究了扦插基质、插穗类型、植物生长调节剂等因素对油茶扦插生根力的影响,测定了生根过程中过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)和吲哚乙酸氧化酶(IAAO)活性的变化。结果表明:扦插基质、插穗类型和植物生长调节剂对油茶插穗生根有显著影响,其中不同基质的插穗生根率和根系发育程度有差异,混合基质75%红心土+25%河沙的插穗生根率最高,为92.6%-93.7%,但根系欠发达,而以100%珍珠岩为基质的插穗根系发育最好,但生根率稍低,仅64.2%-66.8%;不留叶的插穗无法生根,留半叶的插穗生根率比留全叶的高,顶芽插穗生根率比非顶芽的高,硬枝插穗生根率则明显低于嫩枝;ABT3生根粉促进油茶扦插生根效果好于ABT6、IBA和NAA,其中100 mg.L-1ABT3最适生根。插后,小果油茶插穗中的3种生根相关酶活性呈现规律性变化,POD活性呈"上升→下降→上升→下降"的双峰变化趋势,PPO和IAAO活性呈"上升→下降"的单峰变化趋势;与对照相比,经ABT3处理的3种酶活性变化曲线的峰值显著提高,峰值的出现也明显提前,说明ABT3促进小果油茶插穗生根。

Key factors influencing rooting of stem cuttings and dynamics of rooting related oxidases of Camellia oleifera and C.meiocarpa

Effects of growing media,cutting types and exogenous auxins on rooting ability of stem cuttings of Camellia meiocarpa and C.oleifera were studied.The dynamic changes of activities of peroxidase(POD),polyphenol oxidase(PPO) and indoleacetic acid oxidase(IAAO) during rooting process were also investigated.The results showed that growing media,cutting types and exogenous auxins had obvious effects on rooting ability and root development of C.meiocarpa and C.oleifera cuttings.Different rooting rates and root development were caused by different growing media,and the mixed media of 75% red soil+25% river sand led to the highest rooting rate(92.6%-93.7%),but the roots were underdeveloped.While the 100% perlite medium had the best rooting development and lower rooting rate(64.2%-66.8%).The cuttings without leaves didn′t root at all,the cutting with half leaves rooted in higher rate than that with complete leaves rooted.Concerning the rate to rooting,top cutting and soft-branch were better than non-top and hard-branch.Compared to No.6 ABT,IBA and NAA,No.3 ABT was the best exogenous auxin,with appropriate concentration of 100 mg · L-1.After cutting,the POD,PPO and IAAO activities changed in the cuttings of C.meiocarpa during rooting process regularly.POD activities showed double peak curve of "rise,fall,rise sharply and down",while PPO and IAAO activities showed single-peak curve of "rise-down".Compared to the control,the peak of curve of the 3 oxidases obviously increased and appeared ahead.It was concluded that No.3 ABT directly affected the rooting ability of C.meiocarpa.