不同播期配合播量对冬小麦水氮利用及品质的影响

为了探寻协调产量和品质以及水氮利用的适宜播期及播量，在足墒播种＋拔节期灌水75mm的基础上，通过设置不同播期配合相应播量，研究不同处理对冬小麦产量、品质及水氮利用的影响。结果表明：10月10日播种（D—10）和15日（D．15）播种的小麦穗数、籽粒产量及地上部吸氮量都显著高于20日（D-20）和25日（D-25）播种；D-20、D-25处理的水分利用效率、氮素吸收效率和生产效率显著低于D-10、D—15处理。但是以适期晚播D-20处理的籽粒品质综合指标最优，过晚播种，尤其是早播不利于优良籽粒品质的形成。综合而言，以10月15日至20日作为当地常规年份节水小麦的适宜播期为宜，参考播量为225-262．5kg／hm^2。

The Effect of Different Sowing Date and Rate on Winter Wheat Grain Quality and Water and Nitrogen Utilization

Results are summarized for a field experiment based on the saving irrigation (enough soil moisture before sowing and only one time 75 mm irrigation in jointing stage) with four different sowing date and rates to study the effect of different sowing time and rate on winter wheat grain yield and quality, water and nitrogen use efficiency. The results showed that: the grain yield, water and nitrogen use efficiency on the sowing date of Oct. 10th and Oct. 15th were significantly better than those on Oct. 20th and Oct. 25th, while the grain quality was best in the treatment of Oct. 20th. Taken together, late sowing appropriate critical period should be Oct. 15th to Oct. 20th with the sowing rate of 225-262.5 kg/hm2.