常州市城市内河常见鱼类资源及保护的研究

为了更好的评价常州城市内河治理后的生态环境。于2012年8—12月连续3次对江苏省常州市新北区运北水系的三井河、柴支浜河、北塘河、通济河、澡港河进行了常见鱼类群落调查。调查共捕获鱼类331尾、3523.55 g,隶属3目3科11属12种。鲤形目中的鲫（餐）、贝氏（餐）为优势种（IRI≥1000）,似鳊、麦穗、乌鳢等为常见种（IRI≥100）,合鳃目中黄鳝等为稀有种（IRI≤100）。Margalef丰富度指数以4#易买得最高,达到1.924,而1#塘北桥,7#勤丰桥为较高,以11#通济河西为最低;Shannon-Wiener多样性指数以7#勤丰桥最高,达到1.431,而10#三井河桥,1#塘北桥为较高,以13#通济河东为最低;Pielou＇s Evenness Index均匀度指数以3#三井桥最高,达到0.978,而10#三井河桥,1#塘北桥为较高,以13#通济河东为最低;多样性指数和均匀度指数与高锰酸盐指数、BOD5、石油类、总氮、氨氮等环境因子呈显著负相关关系,多样性指数和发光细菌急性毒性及丰富度指数呈显著正相关关系。鱼类种类调查结果可为常州市运河鱼类资源保护和利用提供参考,同时也为生态环境的修复进展提供有力证明。

Changzhou City Inland Common Fish Resources and Protection Research

In order to better evaluate Changzhou City inland governance after the ecological environment, from us in August 2012 to December for three times in new north district, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province along the north drainage Mitsui River, Chai River, North River Basin, the city Tongji River Port, bath for the common community survey. Surveys were caught 331 fish tail, 3523.55 g, 3 families, 11 genera and 12 species belonging to 3 orders. Item of carp, carp shape (meal), bayes (meal) as the dominant species (IRI 1000 or higher), like Bian, grain, snakehead, etc for common (IRI 100 or higher), and gills in eel as rare species (IRI 100) or less. Margalef abundance index in 4 # was easy to buy the highest reached 1.924, and the 1 # pond northbridge, 7 # frequently Toyohashi was higher, with 11 # Tongji Hexi as minimum; Shannon Wiener diversity index to 7 # frequently Toyohashi highest, reaches 1.431, and 10 # Mitsui River crossing, the 1 # pond chipset for higher, lowest in 13 # Tongji Hedong; Pielou's Evenness Index, Evenness Index in 3 # Mitsui Bridge, the highest reached 0.978, and 10 # Mitsui River crossing, the 1 # pond chipset for higher, lowest in 13 # Tongji Hedong; Diversity index and Evenness index and Permanganate index, BOD5, petroleum, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen were significantly negative correlation between environmental factors such as, diversity index and luminescent bacteria acute toxicity and the richness index was significantly positively related to relationship. Fish species survey results for Changzhou canal protection and utilization of resources to provide the reference, and also provide strong evidence for ecological environment repair progress.