种植密度和行距配置对苏玉20产量的影响

目的]研究种植密度和行距配置对苏玉20产量的影响,适应全程机械化生产技术需要。方法]以苏玉20为供试品种,在江苏省宿迁市沭阳县开展种植密度和行距试验。采用裂区设计,2个种植密度6.0万株/hm2和7.5万株/hm2为主处理,5个行距配置50、60、70、80、80+40 cm为副处理。通过对10个处理农艺性状和产量的调查分析,研究行距配置对产量的影响。结果]7.5万株/hm2密度处理的产量极显著高于6.0万株/hm2密度处理,7.5万株/hm2密度处理苏玉20的单产比6.0万株/hm2密度处理增产达1 404.9kg/hm2。60和70 cm行距处理的产量显著高于其他行距处理,密度和行距配置对产量的互作效应不明显。行距处理显著影响植株的倒伏率,极显著影响植株的空秆率;在等行距处理中,随着行距的增大,植株的空秆率和倒伏率呈下降趋势。结论]增加苏玉20的种植密度到7.5万株/hm2,可获得较高的产量;采用60~70 cm等行距种植,既可实现该品种的高产,又能保障生产的全程机械化,实现农机农艺的融合。

Effects of Planting Density and Row Spacing Form on the Yield of Suyu 20

Objective] To research the effects of different planting densities and row spacing forms on the yield of Suyu 20,which could adapt to the entire mechanization of production technology.Method] With Suyu 20 as the research material,planting density and row spacing tests were carried out in Shuyang County,Suqian City,Jiangsu Province.Based on split-plot design,there were two planting densities of 60 000 and 75 000 plants/hm2 and five row spacing forms of 50,60,70,80 and (80 + 40) cm.Effects of row spacing forms on the yield of Suyu 20 were researched according to the investigation and analysis of yields and agronomic characters in ten treatments.Result] Treatment of 75 000 plants/hm2 showed extremely significant differences with the treatment of 60 000 plants/hm2;the yield per unit area of Suyu 20 increased by 1 404.9 kg/hm2.Treatments of 60 and 70 cm row spacing forms had significantly higher yields than the treatments of other row spacing forms.There was not obvious interaction between planting density and row spacing form of Suyu 20.But row spacing form significantly affected the plant lodging percentage,and had extremely significant differences on the bare plant rate.In the same row spacing treatment,there was a downward trend on plant lodging perceutage and bare plant rate as row spacing increased.Conclusion] High yield of Suyu 20 is obtained through increasing the plant density to 75 000 plants/hm2;Suyu 20 with 60-70 cm row spacing can realize high yield,ensure the entire mechanization of production,and achieve the integration of agricultural mechanization and agricultural technology.