红掌四倍体的离体诱导及其鉴定

以愈伤组织为诱导材料, 采用秋水仙素处理方法进行了红掌四倍体的离体诱导。结果发现,红掌四倍体诱导率因处理方法、秋水仙素浓度和处理时间不同而异。采用液体培养的四倍体诱导率比固体培养的高, 低浓度秋水仙素的诱导率比高浓度的高, 长时间处理的诱导率比短时间处理的高, 基因型对四倍体诱导率影响不明显。在含0.2 g·L^-1秋水仙素的液体培养基中振荡培养14 d, 四倍体诱导率最高, 为45.5%。四倍体红掌的花药和花粉比二倍体的大, 植株粗壮, 叶片和佛焰苞大而厚, 颜色深, 叶片下表皮上的气孔密度小, 长度长。改良压片法与气孔长度和密度鉴定法是鉴定红掌四倍体的可靠方法。

In Vitro Tetraploid Induction and Its Identification in Anthurium andraeanum

Calli were employed to establish the technical system of tetraploid induction in Anthurium andraeanum by using colchicine treatment method. The results showed that the induction rate of tetrap loid invitro depended on treatmentmethod, concentration of colchicine and duration of treatment. The lower the concentration of colchicine was, the higher the induction rate was. At the same concentration of colchicine, theinduction rate of tetrap loid using liquid culture was higher than that using solid culture, and the longer the duration of treatment was, the higher the induction rate was. The highest induction rate of tetrap loid, 45.5% ,was obtained from the calli cultured in the liquid medium supp lemented with 0.2 g·L^-1 colchicine for 14 don a rotator. The induction rate was not affected by genotype. Tetrap loid of Anthurium and raeanum was characterized by larger and thicker leaves and spathes with deeper color and larger size of pollen, anther andp lant. Its length of stomatal cell on lower ep idermis leaf cellwas longer than that of diploid, while the densityof stomata was less than that of diploid. This indicated that tetrap loids of An thu rium andraeanum could be produced by colchicine treatment and accurately determined by the improved squash method, the length of stoma2tal cell and the density of stomata.