7个鲜食葡萄生长发育特性观测

【目的】 研究新疆南疆地区主栽鲜食葡萄品种生长发育特性,为果园栽培管理提高品质提供理论依据。【方法】 以新疆阿图什市相同立地条件下的7个鲜食葡萄品种为材料,研究结果习性、物候期、叶片性状、开花特性及果实发育动态变化。【结果】 各葡萄品种萌芽率79%~93%,结果系数基本一致,但结果枝率差异明显,无核白鸡心最高为1.21,梦幻无核、白木纳格和和田红最低为1.03;花期持续6~11 d;各葡萄品种叶片的差异程度分别为比叶重>单叶重量>叶面积>叶长>叶柄长>叶长宽比>叶柄宽>叶宽>叶柄厚,比叶重新郁最高0.08,白木纳格最小0.03。【结论】 葡萄叶片叶绿素含量最高的是白木纳格葡萄;葡萄果实生长发育动态呈现双“S”曲线和单“S”曲线。

Observation on the Growth and Development Characteristics of 7 Table Grapes

【Objective】 The research aims to study the growth and development characteristics of main table grape varieties in southern Xinjiang and provide theoretical basis for improving the quality of orchard cultivation management. 【Method】 Seven table grape varieties under the same site conditions in Atushi City, Xinjiang were used as research objects. The habits, phenological period, leaf traits, flowering characteristics and fruit development dynamics were investigated. 【Result】 The results showed that the germination rate of each grape variety was between 79% and 93%, and the coefficient was basically the same, but the difference in fruit branching rate was obvious. The highest value of the centennial seedless grape was 1.21, and the fruit branching rates of Menghuan seedless grape, white Munake and Hotan red grapes were the lowest, which were 1.03; The flowering period lasted for 6-11 days; the differences of leaves of each grape variety were: specific leaf weight per unit area > leaf heavy > leaf area > leaf length > petiole length > leaf length to width ratio > petiole width > leaf width > petiole thickness; Leaf weight per unit area of Xinyu was the highest, that was 0.08, and the lowest was found in white Munake, which was 0.03. 【Conclusion】 The highest chlorophyll content in grape leaves was found in white Munake grape and the growth and development of grape fruit showed a double "S" curve and single "S" curve.