亮斑扁角水虻形态观察及诱产卵菌的筛选

【目的】 研究引进亮斑扁角水虻在室内饲喂条件下的生活史、成虫种群雌雄比例变化规律,对其卵表及幼虫肠道中诱成虫产卵菌进行筛选和鉴定,为亮斑扁角水虻在本地区的规模养殖和综合利用提供理论依据。【方法】 引进亮斑扁角水虻,在室内光照条件下饲喂4代,用直接观察法记录亮斑扁角水虻在不同饲喂条件下的生活史和生活习性,显微拍照记录水虻各龄期的形态特征;用稀释涂布平板及平板划线的方法,对亮斑扁角水虻卵携带菌及其幼虫肠道菌进行分离纯化,筛选可诱导产卵的菌株,并鉴定。【结果】 与内地相比,亮斑扁角水虻在新疆饲养周期稍有延长,但其发育完好,能够在本地区进行世代饲养;观察并记录了其卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫及其其生殖器形态;筛选到对亮斑扁角水虻雌性成虫有诱导产卵效果的两株菌e1、Y3,其发酵液处理组平均产卵量分别为对照组的6.26和7.40倍,两株菌皆为革兰氏阳性菌,16S RNA测序初步鉴定e1为暹罗芽孢秆菌,Y3为节杆菌属,且Y3为1种潜在的新菌。【结论】 引进亮斑扁角水虻在新疆能够周年循环养殖,具有规模生产及综合开发利用潜力。

Morphological Observation of Hermetia illucens and Preliminary Screening of Oviposition-inducing Bacteria

【Objective】 To ascertain the life history and the change rule of male-female ratio of adult Hermetia illucens population under indoor feeding conditions, screen and preliminary identify oviposition-inducing bacteria from the egg surface and larval intestinal tract in the hope providing theoretical basis for the large-scale breeding and comprehensive utilization of Hermertia illucens in local area.【Method】 Hermetia illucen introduced has been reared 4 generations indoors, its life span and life habits in different diets were recorded by direct observation methods, morphological character was observed with microscope, oviposition-inducing bacteria from the egg surface and larval intestinal tract were separated and purified by dilute coating flat plate and flat plate scribing method, and were screened and preliminary identified as the bacteria afterwards.【Result】Compared with interior area, the period from eggs to adults was slightly prolonged slightly in Xinjiang, but it was developed well and could be reared for generations in this region. Eggs, larvae, pupae, adults and their genital morphology were observed and recorded. Two strains of bacteria named e1 and Y3 with oviposition-inducin effect were screened. The fermentation broth treatment could increase oviposition rate by 6.26 times and 7.40 times respectively compared with the control. The two strains have been tested as Gram-positive bacteria by Gram staining, and preliminary identified as Bacillus siamensis and Athrobacter respectively with methods of 16S RNA sequencing. Y3 was regarded as a potential new bacteria.【Conclusion】 Annual circular aquaculture of Hermetia illucens in Xinjiang is feasible. Hermetia illucens also has the potential of large-scale production and comprehensive development and utilization.