我国几种土壤铁锰结核中的锰矿物类型

用Ｘ－射线衍射和化学选择溶提技术研究我国几种土壤中铁锰结核的锰矿物类型的结果表明：供试土壤铁锰结核都含有锂硬锰矿，除山东钙积潮湿变性以钙锰矿占优势外，其它样品中的锰矿物均以锂硬锰矿为主，结晶程度较高；湖北武汉和枣阳的粘磐湿润淋溶土的铁锰结核含有钠水锰矿和羟水锰矿；湖南宜章富铝湿润富铁土、湖北枣磐湿润淋溶土和山东钙积潮湿变性土的铁锰结核中的有钡硬锰矿；湖南桂阳富铝湿润富铁土的铁锰结核中检测出少量的铅

MINERALOGY OF MANGANESE IN IRON-MANGANESE NODULES OF SEVERAL SOILS IN CHINA

X-ray diffraction and selective chemical extraction methods were used to investigate the types of manganese minerals in iron-manganese nodules of several soils in China. The changes of relative intensity of X-ray diffraction patterns were studied before and after chemically selective extraction. It was found that lithiophorite was a common manganese mineral in all tested iron-manganese nodules with high degree of crystallinity. Todorokite, however, was predominant manganese mineral of ironmanganese nodules in cal-aquic Vertisols of Shandong province (No. 5-4). The iron-manganese nodules of arp-udic Luvisols (No. 2-1, No. 4-1) in Hubei province contained bimessite and vernadite. Moreover, hollandite was found in iron-manganese nodules of alt-udic Ferrisols in Yizhang, Hunan province (No.A), arp-udic Luvisols (No. 4-1) in Zaoyang, Hubei province and cal-aquic Vertisols (No. 5-1) in Shangdong province. There were a few of coronadite in iron-manganese nodules of alt-udic Ferrisol in Guiyang, Hunan province (No. 1-1). The types and mounts of manganese minerals in soil iron-manganese nodules were related to conditions of soil materials and environments.