不同观赏海棠种质果色动态变化规律研究

为给观赏海棠果色分类、果色育种及特异果色种质的挖掘提供理论依据与技术参考,采用X-Rite色差计对27份观赏海棠种质在果实的不同生长发育时期的果色进行了观测,并对观赏海棠群体果色的时序动态变化规律进行了研究。结果表明:(1)观赏海棠种质果实色彩参数a*、h°、b*值的变异程度均高于其C*和L*参数值。(2)基于果实不同生长发育时期观赏海棠种质群体果色a*、h°、b*等参数值的聚类分析结果表明,海棠种质群体果实生长初期其果色为红绿色,随着果实的日益成熟,其果色呈现出黄色、橙色及红橙色等种色彩。(3)从基于观赏海棠种质群体在果实不同生长发育时期的果色L*、C*、h°等参数值而构建的CIELCH色空间动态分布格局图中可以发现,所有种质在其L*维度方向呈整体上移趋势;在C*维度方向呈整体右移趋势;在h°维度方向上,红色果皮(h°值为0~35)的种质所占比例呈"下降—升高—下降"的变化趋势,橙色果皮(h°值为35~55)的种质所占比例呈"升高—下降—升高—下降"的变化趋势,黄色果皮(h°值为55~90)的种质所占比例呈"升高—下降—升高"的变化趋势,绿色果皮(h°值为90~110)的种质所占比例呈先升高后下降的变化趋势。(4)对其果色稳定性(色差值△E)的分析结果表明,‘火鸟’‘金丰收’‘冬金’‘冬红’全年果皮颜色的变化均明显,且其果期均长,而‘完美紫色’和‘紫王子’海棠果皮的颜色从幼果期至成熟期均呈紫色。

Study on dynamic changes of peel color in different cultivars of ornamental crabapple

In order to provide some theoretical evidences and technical references for fruit color classification,fiuit color breeding and digging cultivars with unique fruit colors in ornamental crabapples,fruit colors of 27 ornamental crabapple cultivars at different growth periods were observed with an X-Rite colorimeter,and time dynamic variation regularities of ornamental crabapples’ peel colors were researched.The results showed that (1) variation degrees of the a*,h° and b* values in peel color parameters were all higher than those of C* and L* values.(2) The values of a*,h°,b* and some other peel color parameters measured at different fruit growth periods were clustered,and the results showed that peel color of crabapple cultivars at the early growth period was red-green,and gradually turned yellow,orange,red-orange,and so on,with the ripening of fi-uits.(3) The CLELCH color spatial dynamic distribution layout was constructed on the basis of the values of L*,C* and h° peel color parameters measured at different fruit growth periods.From the layout,it could be found that all the cultivars tended to move upward in the dimension of L* and to move rightward in the dimension of C*.In the dimension of h°,the percentage of the red-peel (h° value was 0-35) cultivars had the variation tendency of declining-rising-declining,that of the orange-peel (h° value was 35-55) cultivars had the tendency of rising declining-rising-declining,that of the yellow-peel (h° value was 55-90) cultivars had the tendency of rising-decliningrising and that of green-peel (h ° value was 90-110) cultivars had the tendency of rising-declining.(4) The results of fruit color stability analysis (chromatic aberration △E) showed that the cultivars of ‘Fire Bird’,‘Golden Harvest’,‘Winter Gold’ and ‘Winter Red’ all had the peel colors changing significantly in a year and long bearing periods,but the peel colors of ‘Perfect Purple’ and ‘Purple Prince’ appeared purple from the young fruit period to the mature period.