成龄胶园间作不同豆科作物对土壤养分的影响

以间作胶园的土壤为材料，以单作胶园土壤为对照，采用土壤常规分析方法分别测定其中的主要营养成分。结果表明，间作的9种豆科作物均不同程度的降低了胶园土壤的有机质、全氮(除间作凉薯和黎豆的土壤全氮含量略高于不间作土壤外)、全磷、速效磷含量及pH值，不同程度的增加了铵态氮、硝态氮、全钾及速效钾含量。说明成龄胶园间作豆科作物能改善土壤的硝态氮、铵态氮、全钾及速效钾含量，短时期内提高了土壤的供氮、供钾能力，但降低了土壤磷含量和土壤磷的供应能力。由此可见，在成龄胶园内进行间作，必须加强作物施肥，以实现土壤养分的收支平衡，维护土壤功能、保护土壤质量。

Effects of Intercropping Different Legume Crops in Mature Rubber Plantation on Soil Nutrients

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of intercropping legume crops with mature rubber on soil nutrients. Main components of soil nutrients were from different intercropping legume crops of mature rubber plantation according to conventional determination method. Results showed that the organic matter content, total nitrogen (except intercropping jicama and yokohama bean ), total phosphorus and available phosphorus content and pH value in mature rubber plantation soils decreased after intercropping 9 species of legumes. However, the NH4+-N content, NO3--N, total potassium and available potassium content increased. These results demonstrate that intercropping Legume crops can improve the soil nitrogen and potassium supply capacity and decreased soil phosphorus supply capacity in short time. At the same time, these findings show, in order to the long-term success of intercropping in mature plantation, we must strengthen the crop fertilization to make soil nutrient balance, maintain soil function and protect soil quality.