稀土元素在中国水仙上的应用研究

1982～1985年的小区试验及扩大示范试验表明:稀土元素能促进中国水仙出苗、展叶、叶片生长、叶绿素增加;并能促进磷茎膨大、增加大花球百分率而提高大花球产量;同时对改善中国水仙品质、增加花葶数也有良好的作用。三年定点小区试验结果:采用浸种配合喷施处理的效果优于单独浸种或单独喷施的处理。最佳处理组合:低浓度浸种配合初苗期和壮球期用低浓度喷叶,大花球百分率最高。三年平均:磷茎围径≥24cm 和22～23.9cm 的大花球,最佳处理组合为14.5%和40.5%,比对照的8.6%和32.6%分别增加67.6%和24.2%。平均花葶数,最佳处理组合为4.1葶/粒,比对照的3.6葶/粒增加13.9%。扩大示范试验的结果表明:磷茎围径≥24cm 的大花球,稀土处理为58.0%,比对照的48.0%增加20.8%;平均花葶数,稀土处理为4.7葶/粒,比对照的4.4葶/粒增加6.8%。中国水仙施用稀土,由于提高了大花球产量和增加了花葶数,从而能显著地提高经济效益。每公顷可增加产值7500元以上,即增加产值9.7%以上。

A STUDY ON THE APPLICATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS ON THE NARCISSUS

Plot tests as well as extensive experiments in 1982-85 showed good effects of rare earth elements on the Chiniese narsissus(Narcissus tazetta var.chinensi,Roem).These were hastening of seedling emergence,exten- sion of leaves,growth of leaf blades.increased contents of chloropylls, cnlargement of bulbs,raising the percentage of big flower bulbs,increas- ing yields,as Well as the number of inflorescence. Experimental results of three consecutive years in small plots showed seed soaking treatment together with spray treatment was much better than either seed soaking treatment or spray treatment.The best result was seed soating with low concentration rare earth nitrate solution with further foliar sprays of the same solution at the young seedling stage and growing bulb stage.Such treatment obtained the highest rate of flower bulb.Statis- tical analysis of the data revealed that the deviation attained the level of significance The average thtee years data showed that the flower bulb cir- cumference attained≥24cm and 22-23.9cm.The best treatments were 14.5% and 40.5%.In comparison with the results form the check of 8.6% and 32.6%,the increases were 67.6% and 24.2%.The average number of inflo- rescene was 4.1 infloresence/bulb.In comparison with fhe check of 3.6 in- florescence/bulb,it gave an ilcrtease of 13.9%. Taking the best treatment from the small plot tests for bigger area ex- tensive experiments showed that big flower bulb circumference with≥24 cm obtained increased yield of 58.0% and in compariSon with the result of the check 48.0% the increase was 2008%.Such rare earth elements treatment gave 4.7 inflorescence/bulb,in comparison with the check of 4.4 inflores- ecnce/bulb,the increase was 6.8%. The good effects of rare earth elements treatments increased the yield of big flower bulbs and the number of inflorescence per bulb.Thus emi- nently increased the economic returns of narcissus industry,as the value at- tained an increase of ovet ￥7500,the output profit reached a 9.7% increase.