茄子果顶形状数据采集方法比较和遗传分析

以圆顶茄子和尖顶茄子为亲本构建6世代群体(P_1、P_2、F_1、BC_1P_1、BC_1P_2、F_2),在春露地和秋大棚两个茬口分别种植6世代群体,利用目测法和Tomato Analyzer软件分析法采集茄子果顶形状数据,应用植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型多世代联合分析方法,对茄子果顶形状进行遗传分析。结果表明:目测法和软件法都可以用来描述茄子果顶形状,Tomato Analyzer软件分析法获取的果顶数据计算出的AIC值完整性好、适应性检测中的统计量差异显著个数少,对茄子果顶形状的数据测量更为准确,更加适用于茄子果顶形状的采集。茄子果顶形状表现为数量性状,受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因控制,同时也受环境条件的影响。在分离群体中F_2群体主基因遗传率高、稳定性好,主基因遗传率达到72%以上,育种过程中适合在F_2群体进行果顶形状的选择。

Comparison and Genetic Analysis of Data Collection Methods of Eggplant Fruit Apex Shape

Taking dome eggplant and apex eggplant as parents，this study built 6 generations colony（ P₁， P₂，F₁，BC₁P₁，BC₁P₂，F₂），and planted them in spring open fields and autumn greenhouse as 2 crops for rotation，respectively．The paper collect the apex shape data of eggplant fruit by ocular estimate method and Tomato Analyzer software analysis method，and applied multiple generation combination analysis method on plant quantitative trait major gene + multiple gene hybrid genetic model to carry out genetic analysis on eggplant fruit apex shape．The results showed that both ocular estimate and software methods could be used to describe the eggplant fruit apex shape．We found that the AIC value calculated by Tomato Analyzer software analysis method for eggplant fruit apex shape data had good integrity，the number of significant statistics in adaptive detection was less，the measurement on data of eggplant fruit apex shape was more accurate．Thus，Tomato Analyzer software analysis method was more suitable for collecting characters of eggplant frnit apex shape．The characters of eggplant fruit apex shape were quantitative trait，controlled by 2 pairs of additive-dominant-epistasis major genes，and also influenced by environmental conditions．In the isolated population，the genetic rate of major gene of F₂ population was high and stability was good．The genetic rate of major gene was over 72%．So，it is suitable to carry out selection on fruit apex shape traits among F₂ colony during breeding process.