应用双单倍体克服籼粳交的不亲和性初探

通过对籼粳交Ｆ１体细胞愈伤组织的秋水仙素处理和四倍体花药培养，建成了水稻四倍体诱导及双单倍体分解系统。应用这一系统获得了４４个籼粳交组合的双单倍体及其自交４后代。对这些双单倍体及其后代的遗传分析表明，籼粳交育性可能受寡基因控制，双单倍体途径通过改变正常的世代交替过程，能部分克服籼粳交的不育性及倾籼或倾粳的偏态分离，并具有比Ｆ２更丰富的遗传多样性。在双单倍体一代群体中，育性正常的植株约占４０％，这是

Priliminary Study of Overcoming Incompatibility of Hybridization between Indica and Japonica Rice Via Dihaploid Method

The system of tetraploids inducing and dihaploids divicing in Indica x Japonica crosses was established by chromosome doubling for the somatic calli from F1 hybrids and anther culture for the tetraploids. The dihaploids from 44 combinations and their selfed progenies were obtained by using the system. The genetic analysis showed that in Indica x Japonica crosses, the offspring segregated toward Indica type in conventional breeding or toward Japonica type in anther culture, this difficulty in rice breeding could be overcome by the dihaploid method. Some new genotypes which could not be obtained in F/s also could occur in dihaploids. About 40% plants possessed normal fertility in the first generation of dihaploids (DH1) and most of their selfed progenies would maintain normal fertility. In the selfed progenies of DH1, 45.06% plants seemed to be Japonica, 35.80% to be Indica and 19.14% to be intermediate. However, it was difficult to rapidly obtain stable materials from the dihaploid selfed progenies because of wide segregating and long segregating generations.