75个春玉米杂交组合主要农艺性状与产量的相关和通径分析

以新选育的75个春玉米杂交组合为研究对象,采用单因素随机区组品比试验,对11个农艺性状与产量的关系进行了相关和通径分析。结果表明,株高与产量呈极显著正相关,穗位、叶片数、百粒重与产量呈显著正相关;各性状对产量的直接效应为百粒重>出籽率>穗长>株高>穗行数>茎粗>空秆率>叶片数>穗位>穗粗>倒伏率。高产玉米杂交种应具有适当的株高、穗位和适宜的叶片数,穗长应适当加长,穗粗可适当加粗但不宜过粗,要具有较高的百粒重和出籽率、较低的倒伏率和空秆率。在选择时,要协调好各性状之间的关系,着重于株高、穗位、穗长、穗粗、百粒重、倒伏率、空秆率的选择,可放宽茎粗、叶片数、穗行数和出籽率的选择。

Correlation and Path Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits with Yield of 75 Spring Maize Hybrids

The correlation and path analysis of yield with 11 main agronomic traits of 75 new selected spring maize hybrids were made by the randomized block single factor analysis in comparison test.The results showed that plant height had highly significantly positive correlation with yield,and ear position,leaf number and 100-kernel weight had significantly positive correlation with yield.Path analysis indicated that the direct path coefficient to yield in order were 100-kernel weight,kernel rate,ear length,plant height,ear rows,stem diameter,empty stalk rate,leaf number,ear position,ear diameter,lodging rate.The research indicated that high-yielding maize hybrid should have appropriate plant height,ear position and leaf number,higher 100-kernel weight and kernel rate,lower lodging rate and empty stalk rate.The ear length should be appropriately lengthened and ear diameter should be appropriately thickened.When selecting,the relationship of characters must be well coordinated.Plant height,ear height,ear length,ear diameter,100-kernel weight,lodging rate and empty stalk rate should be given more emphasis.Stem diameter,leaf number,ear rows and kernel rate came second.