谷城县古树资源状况与分布特征研究

系统分析湖北省谷城县古树树种组成、分布特征以及影响古树生长的环境因子，并应用访谈法、文献追踪法、实地勘测法和类比推断法对谷城县古树进行调查，对古树的物种组成、分布以及生长状况，以及基于DEM坐标网格法对古树空间分布进行分析。结果表明，全县调查到存活古树共1 275株，隶属于26科41属51种。其中一级、二级和三级古树分别为99株、102株和1 074株；正常生长古树1 247株，衰弱古树26株，濒危古树2株。基于DEM经纬度（0.05°）和投影（5 km×5 km）网格数据分析，古树均呈聚集分布；古树在中、低海拔分布集中；海拔与古树生长势间呈显著正相关；环境因子和植物病虫害是影响谷城县古树生长的关键因子。谷城县古树空间和海拔高聚集度区域的人类活动最为频繁，建议地方林业部门根据现有古树资源分布特点及生物危害现状，科学制定古树保护规划和管护措施。

Status and Distribution Characteristics of Old Tree Resources in Gucheng County

The systematic analysis of plant taxonomy of the old tree resources, distribution characteristics, and environmental factors affecting the growth of ancient trees in Gucheng County was conducted. The survey of old trees in Gucheng County was carried out using the interview method, literature tracking method, field survey method, and analogical extrapolation method to analyze the species composition, distribution, and growth potential of the old trees, as well as the DEM coordinate grid method to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of the old trees. The results showed that 1 275 surviving old trees were surveyed in the county, belonging to 51 species and 41 genera in 26 families, including 99 Grade One, 102 Grade Two, and 1 074 Grade Three old trees, respectively, and 1 247 normal old trees, 26 weakened old trees, and 2 endangered ones. All old trees were in clumped distribution based on the data analyses of latitude and longitude DEM grid (0.05°) and projected grid (5 km×5 km); the old trees were concentrated at middle and low elevations; elevations were significantly correlated with the growth potential of the old trees; environmental factors and plant pests and diseases were key factors affecting the growth of the old trees in Gucheng County. According to the distribution characteristics of the existing old tree resources and the current situation of biological hazards, this paper suggested that the local forestry department developed protection plans and scientific management measures for the old trees.