Aesthetic growth of a native tree species with desirable characteristics for urban green areas in arid and semiarid environments |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Agrobiology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszów, ul. Zelwerowicza 4, 35–601, Rzeszów, Poland;2. Department of Ecology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszów, ul. Zelwerowicza 4, 35–601, Rzeszów, Poland;3. Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszów, ul. Cicha 2A, 35–326, Rzeszów, Poland;4. Department of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain;5. IISTA-CEAMA, Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain;1. Division of General Pediatrics, The Children''s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa;2. Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, The Children''s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa;3. PolicyLab, The Children''s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA;4. Department of Emergency Medicine and Injury Prevention Center, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Hasbro Children''s Hospital, Providence, RI;5. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa;6. Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa;1. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;2. Division of Perinatal-Neonatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA;3. Department of Pediatrics, Jean and George Brumley, Jr., Neonatal-Perinatal Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA;4. Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA;5. Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC Box 3815, Durham, NC 27710, USA;1. Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;2. Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;1. College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Big Data and Urban Spatial Analytics LAB, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China;2. Center for Geospatial Analytics, College of Natural Resources, PhD in Design Program, College of Design, North Carolina State University, NC, United States;3. Key Lab of Ecology and Energy Saving in High-density Human Settlements, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China |
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| Abstract: | Having an aesthetic form is one of the desirable aspects of trees used to create or reforest urban green areas, which is often achieved by procedures that require a great effort. The understanding of factors affecting the architecture of plants in natural conditions may be useful to promote a desirable shape during the growth process. Under the hypothesis that trees in high luminosity conditions have a more aesthetical growth, in this study we explore the relationship between plant shape and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in Bursera fagaroides, a characteristic species of the tropical dry forest and xerophytic shrub-lands useful for urban green areas in semiarid environments. To evaluate trees shape we calculate a symmetry index (IS) by using two diameters of the crown, perpendicular to each other, and the total height. Measurements were made over three periods (before, during and after the growth period); and PAR was also measured for each tree. Linear regressions were used to analyze the relationship between the symmetry of trees and PAR received during the growth period. The post-growth symmetry of trees showed a positive relationship with the PAR received by trees during the growth period, suggesting that PAR effects can be harnessed to develop post-germination strategies for the production of trees with a more aesthetical growth in the studied species. Effect of PAR on the shape of plants may represent a practical option to promote aesthetical growth of trees and shrubs with importance for creation and restoration of urban green areas. |
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| Keywords: | Semiarid environments PAR extinction Propagation protocols Urban green areas |
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