强优势小麦杂交种‘绵杂麦168’选育研究

为利用小麦杂种优势提高产量、改进品质和抗性，采用“四同步一交叉”育种技术和方法，利用具有自主知识产权的温光型两系不育系MTS-1与恢复系MR168配组，育成早熟，穗大粒多，结实正常，高抗条锈病和白粉病，产量高，品质优良，适应性广的杂交小麦新品种‘绵杂麦168’通过国家和省级双审定。总结了‘绵杂麦168’的选育历程，配套栽培技术研究和高产栽培、繁育技术措施；简述了‘绵杂麦168’在区域试验和示范推广中的突出表现，认为‘绵杂麦168’是中国小麦杂种优势利用研究取得的重要成果，具有广阔的推广应用前景。

Breeding and Research of the Strong Heterosis Hybridized Wheat of ‘Mianzamai168’

Thermo-photo sensitive two-line hybrid wheat was the main way to utilize wheat heterosis. The objective of this study was to improve yield, quality and resistance ability of common wheat by utilizing wheat heterosis. The‘Mianzamai168’（MTS-1×MR168） was bred by using the traditional breeding technologies of ‘four synchronize and one intercross’. It was characterized by high resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew, high yield, fine grain quality, early maturity, big and quadrate spike, more kernels per spike, high spike rate and wide ecological adaptability, and so on. It was the first hybridized wheat that was authorized by the National Crop Variety Registration Committee and the Crop Variety Registration Committee of Sichuan Province in 2007. This paper summarized the breeding procedure, key cultivation techniques, hybridized seed production techniques and the parents seed reproduction techniques of‘Mianzamai168’, and introduced the results of regional trial and large-scale demonstration of‘Mianzamai168’. The‘Mianzamai168’was an important achievement of wheat heterosis utilization in China. It showed a good prospect in production application.