Effects of agrochemical treatments on the occurrence of Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination of maize in Southern Italy |
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Authors: | Filippo De Curtis Vincenzo De CiccoMiriam Haidukowski Michelangelo PascaleStefania Somma Antonio Moretti |
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Institution: | a Department of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy b Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), CNR Via Amendola, 122/O Bari, Italy |
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Abstract: | The efficacy of agrochemical treatments, based on three different fungicides combined with an insecticide, was tested in southern Italy for two years on three maize hybrids to control Fusarium ear rot of maize and the accumulation in the maize kernels of the carcinogenic mycotoxins fumonisins. Insect damage incidence and severity, disease incidence and severity, identification of Fusarium species and levels of fumonisin contamination in kernels were determined. Field trials showed in both years that natural colonization of maize kernels by the fumonisin producing species Fusarium proliferatum and F. verticillioides (up to 81.5 and 26.5%, respectively) and total fumonisin contamination (up to 68.2 μg g−1) were highly severe. For all hybrids and in both years, the treatment with the insecticide applied alone reduced the insect damage severity consistently and the content of fumonisins in the kernel only in half of the cases, whereas fungicide treatments applied in combination with the insecticide showed a further significant reduction of fumonisin contamination in the three hybrids and in both years. |
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Keywords: | Maize Fusarium proliferatum Fusarium verticillioides Fumonisin B1 Fumonisin B2 Fumonisin B3 Fungicides |
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