不同施肥水平对马铃薯农艺性状及产量的影响

目的]为冬作马铃薯高效合理施肥提供理论依据。方法]试验采用N∶P2O5∶K2O为1∶0.5∶2的肥料配比,氮素基准设4个水平:90、1351、80和225 kg/hm2,不施N肥为CK,研究不同施肥水平下马铃薯主茎数、株高、块茎数量与产量的差异。结果]不同施肥水平下马铃薯主茎数、株高、块茎数量与产量差异显著。主茎数与施肥量在一定范围内呈负相关;随着施肥量增加,株高表现出"U"形变化趋势,N肥水平为180 kg/hm2时植株最矮;N肥水平为135 kg/hm2时增产效果最好,比对照增产64.9%。其次是90 kg/hm2,增产8.0%。结论]该配方肥中N肥水平为90~135 kg/hm2时,对马铃薯有较好的增产作用。

Effect of Different Fertilization Level on the Agronomic Traits and Yield of Potato

Objective] The study aimed to provide the theoretical basis for high efficiency and reasonable fertilization on winter potato.Method] According to the fertilizer ratio of N∶P2O5∶K2O of 1∶0.5∶2,4 nitrogen application of 90,135,180 and 225 kg/hm2 were set up to study the differences of main stem number,plant height,tuber amount and yield of potato under different fertilization level.Result] The main stem number,plant height,tuber amount and yield of potato had significant differences under different fertilization level.The main stem number had negative correlation with fertilization amount in a certain range.The plant height showed a "U" trend with the increasing of fertilization amount,and the plant height was the shortest when N fertilizer rate was 180 kg/hm2. The yield-increasing effect was the best when N fertilizer rate was 135 kg/hm2 and the yield was 64.9% higher than that of CK.The following was the N fertilizer rate of 90 kg/hm2,the yield was increased by 8.0%.Conclusion] The yield-increasing effect was better when N fertilizer rate was 90-135 kg/hm2 in the specific fertilizer.