葡萄糖酸、谷氨酰胺及其组合物替代饲用抗生素对仔猪生产性能的影响

目的]集约化养猪场生产条件下分别用葡萄糖酸(Gluconic acid,GA)、谷氨酰胺(Glutamine,GN)、葡萄糖酸+谷氨酰胺替代饲用抗生素后对仔猪生产性能的影响.方法]选取24窝1日龄仔猪,随机分为四个处理组,每个处理组6个重复,试验期为42 d.分组情况:对照组为基础日粮中添加抗生素(60 mg/kg抗敌素、75 mg/kg金霉素)；GA组为1 kg基础日粮中加GA1.5 g；GN组为1kg基础日粮中加GN2 g；GA+ GN组为/kg基础日粮中加GA 1.5 g+GN2 g.仔猪28日龄断奶.以窝为重复单位.在第1、21、28和42 d早晨逐头空腹称重.记录仔猪每天的投料量、剩料量,同时记录每窝的仔猪数、腹泻数以及死淘数.计算各阶段及全期仔猪平均日采食量、平均日增重、料重比、腹泻率、死淘率.结果]21～42 d,GA组、GN组、GA+ GN组仔猪平均日增重与对照组相比,分别降低了8.00; (P ＞0.05)、16.00; (P ＜0.05)、8.00;(P＞0.05)；全期各组仔猪腹泻头次分别为37、31、27、18,有逐渐降低的趋势；平均日采食量、平均体重、饲料转化率、死淘率方面,试验组仔猪与对照组均差异不显著(P＞0.05).各试验组仔猪之间差异不显著(P＞0.05).结论]饲用抗生素组仔猪21～42 d的平均日增重要好于各替代组,但各替代组仔猪的平均日采食量、活体重及料重比等指标上与饲用抗生素添加组相比均无显著差异；与饲用抗生素组仔猪相比,各替代组的仔猪腹泻发生频次有降低的趋势.试验为在集约化养猪场生产实际中用葡萄糖酸、谷氨酰胺或葡萄糖酸+谷氨酰胺替代仔猪日粮中饲用抗生素的应用提供了参考依据.

The Effect of Replacing Antibiotics Feed Additive with Gluconic Acid,Glut amine and their Combination on Production Performance of the Piglets

【Objective】The purpose of this article was to study the effect of replacing antibiotics feed additive with gluconic acid,glutamine and their combination on production performance of the piglets in intensive production conditions.【Method】24 litters of 1-day-old piglets were selected and randomly divided into four groups with 6 replicates per group,and the experiment lasted for 42 days.The control group was fed basal diet added antibiotic(60 mg/kg colistin,75 mg/kg chlortetracycline);The GA group was fed the basal diet added 1.5 g GA;The GN group was fed the basal diet added 2.0 g GN;The GA+GN group was fed the basal diet with 1.5 g GA +2.0 gGN.Piglets were weaned at 28 d of age.The litter was used as replicate.Piglets were individually weighted at 1 d,21 d,28 d and 42 d of age,respectively.The weight of feed offered and feed remaining were recorded daily,while the amount of piglets,diarrhea and mortality were recorded in each litter.The average daily feed intake,average daily gain,feed intake to body weight gain,diarrhea ratio and death ratio were calculated at every stage and the whole trial period.【Result】From 21 d to 41 d,compared with the control group,the piglets of GA group,GN group,GA+GN group were decreased 8.00%(P>0.05),16.00%(P<0.05),8.00%(P>0.05),respectively;Diarrhea head times in each group were 37,31,27,18 at the whole trial period,showing a gradually decreasing trend;About the average daily feed intake,the average body weight,the feed conversion ratio and the death ratio,the piglets in trial group and those in control group had no significant difference(P>0.05).Among the piglets in trial groups,there was no significant difference(P>0.05).【Conclusion】Collectively,the piglets in the antibiotics-treated group had a better average daily gain than those in each replacing group from 21 d to 42 d,but compared with each replacing group,the average daily feed intake,live weight,feed intake to body weight gain ratio and other index of the antibiotics-treated group piglets were not significantly different.Compared with piglets of antibiotics-treated group,diarrhea frequency in each replacing group had a decreasing trend.This study provides a reference basis for replacing antibiotics feed additive of the piglet diet with gluconic acid,glutamine or gluconic acid + glutamine in intensive production system.