甘蓝杂种致死遗传现象浅析及利用

杂种致死是一种生殖隔离类型,致死材料的鉴定及遗传分析不仅有助于了解杂种致死的遗传机制,还可以为致死基因的定位及克隆奠定基础。利用已知携带杂种致死基因的2份甘蓝材料35DH-26及Z-14,以及3份未知是否携带杂种致死基因的甘蓝材料YF(2)-2、103-34-7-6-337A、103-34-7-6-6-1121进行了有关杂交试验。试验结果表明,甘蓝杂种致死现象由细胞核基因控制,与细胞质基因无关;甘蓝杂种致死性状符合由2个显性互补基因控制的理论,2份材料35DH-26、YF(2)-2具有遗传等效性,而3份材料Z-14、103-34-7-6-337A、103-34-7-6-6-1121具有遗传等效性;在出现致死及半致死组合(35DH-26×Z-14)的基础上,对组合有半致死分离现象的父本材料继续进行系统分离、编号,并继续配对进行致死测配,最终从半致死现象的父本中筛选出一些单株,用这些单株配成组合(35DH-26×Z-14)后,植株性状正常。

Genetic Analysis and Utilization of Hybrid Lethality Phenomenon in Several Cabbage Materials

Hybrid lethality is a type of reproductive isolation.The identification and genetic analysis of lethal materials can not only help to understand the genetic mechanism of hybrid lethality,but also lay a foundation for mapping and cloning of lethal genes.The hybridization tests were carried out with two cabbage materials 35 DH-26 and Z-14,which were known to carry hybrid lethal gene,and three cabbage materials YF(2)-2,103-34-7-6-337A and 103-34-7-6-6-1121,which were unknown to carry hybrid lethal gene or not.The results showed that hybrid lethality of cabbage was controlled by nuclear gene,but not by cytoplasmic genes.Hybrid lethality of cabbage was controlled by two dominant complementary genes.35 DH-26 and YF(2)-2 showed the similar genetic effect,and Z-14,103-34-7-6-337A and 103-34-7-6-6-1121 showed the similar genetic effect.On the basis of lethal and semi-lethal combinations(35DH-26×Z-14),the paternal materials with semi-lethal segregation phenomenon among the combinations were further systematically separated and numbered.Test crossing were carried out later.Finally,some single plants were screened out,and plant characteristics were normal after crossing with those plants(35DH-26×Z-14).