枇杷不同部位主要有效成分含量及抗氧化活性比较

以枇杷不同部位（花蕾、花、老叶、新叶、枝条、花梗）为试验材料，采用分光光度法测定枇杷不同部位总黄酮、总酚酸、总三萜酸含量，并以Vc为标准，选用DPPH·和FRAP法对不同部位醇提取物进行抗氧化活性评价，研究枇杷不同部位总黄酮、总酚酸、总三萜酸的分布情况以及抗氧化活性。结果表明，枇杷各部位3种主要有效成分均存在显著差异，花蕾总黄酮、总酚酸、总三萜酸含量显著高于其他部位，分别为196.01、68.32、96.28 mg·g^-1，约是含量最低的新叶的3.16倍、1.96倍、2.12倍；在抗氧化活性方面，枇杷花蕾的醇提取物的抗氧化活性最强，是新叶的2.5倍以上，经相关性分析发现，抗氧化活性与总黄酮和总酚酸含量均具有较高相关性，其中与总黄酮的相关性最大。枇杷各部位中，花蕾的抗氧化活性最强，各主要有效成分含量也最高，枇杷花蕾有望被开发为新的抗氧化原料。

Main Active Ingredient Contents and the Antioxidant Activity of Different Parts of Eriobotrya japonica

Plant tissues from different parts of Eriobotrya japonica (bud, flower, old leaf, new leaf, branch, and flower peduncle) were collected to measure the contents of flavonoids, phenolic acid, and triterpenoid acid. Antioxidant activities of the alcoholic extracts from different parts were measured. Significant differences were found in the contents of three ingredients among different parts of E. japonica. Higher contents of three ingredients were observed in bud, 68.32 mg·g^-1, 196.01 mg·g^-1, 96.28 mg·g^-1 for flavonoids, total phenolic acid and total triterpenoid acid, respectively, 3.16, 1.96, and 2.12 times higher than those found in new leaves in which the contents of the three ingredient were the lowest. In term of antioxidant activity, the alcohol extract of the buds was the strongest that was 2.5 times more than the new leaves. High correlationship was observed between the antioxidant activity and the content of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids. It was concluded that the bud of E. japonica exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, and the highest contents of ingredient, which is expected to be developed into a new antioxidant material.