沿海围垦区普通塑料大棚内黄瓜需水量研究

目的]开展沿海围垦区大棚内黄瓜(Cucumis ativus)需水量试验,对指导大棚内作物种植,发展精准灌溉具有重要的意义。方法]以20 cm深处土壤含水率的上下限,确定土壤的灌水时间、灌水量。苗期土壤含水率的上下限分别按田间持水率70%～100%、80%～100%控制;开花坐果期、盛果期土壤含水率的上下限分别按田间持水率70%～100%、80%～100%、90%～100%控制。结果]春、秋两季种植的黄瓜需水量在300 mm左右,秋黄瓜生育期需水量略高于春黄瓜。两者的需水量、需水强度均随着作物生长而增大,盛果期最大,春黄瓜盛果期需水量173.1 mm,需水强度5.09 mm/d;秋黄瓜盛果期需水量156.7 mm,需水强度4.09 mm/d。结论]秋黄瓜与春黄瓜各生育期的需水强度及需水量差异较大,棚内温度差异是造成春、秋两茬黄瓜需水规律不一致的主要原因。

Study on the Water Requirement of Coastal Reclamation Area Cucumber(Cucumis ativus) in Ordinary Plastic Greenhouse

Objective ] The aim was to carry out experiment of cucumber water requirement in plastic greenhouse in coastal reclamation area, which had an important significance for guiding the crops cultivation in plastic greenhouse and developing precision irrigation. Method] The soll irrigation time and irrigation amount were confirmed on according to the upper limit and lower limit of 20 cm deep soil water content. At seedling stage, the upper limit and lower limit of soil water content were 70% - 100% , 80% - 100% of field capacity resp. ; at flowering and fruit setting stage and full fruiting stage, they were 70% - 100%, 80% - 100% and 90% - 100% of field capacity resp. Result] In Spring, Autumn, water requirement of planting cucumber was about 300 mm, water requirement of Autumn cucumber growth period of was slightly higher than that of spring cucumber. Water requirement, water requirement intensity increased with the crop growth, and reached the biggest at full fruiting stage, thereinto, Spring cucumbers water requirement was 173.1 ram, water requirement intensity was 5.09 mm/d; Autumn cucumber ~ water requirement was 156.7 ram, water requirement intensity was 4.09 mm/d. Conclusion] There are big difference in water requirement and water requirement density between Autumn cucumber and Spring cucumber at different growth periods, and the temperature difference is mainlv caused bv the law inconsistent of Snring cucumber and Autumn cucumber.