DNA元素百科全书浅析

2012年9月,美国国家人类基因组研究中心资助的DNA元素百科全书(ENCODE)项目随着一系列研究成果,分成30多篇论文在Nature,Genome Research和Genome Biology 3种期刊上相继发表,标志着ENCODE项目的完成。2001年,人类基因组测序完成,解析了人类基因组是由ATGC 4个字母以怎样的排列顺序组成的。但对编码蛋白质的基因及这些基因是怎样调节控制的,基因组中的其他区域哪些参与调控等问题都未能了解。因此,科学界在2003年启动了ENCODE项目,结果表明80%的人类基因组都具有生物学活性。文中在ENCODE项目的相关信息进行论述,旨在引导人们正确认识、了解和应用ENCODE项目的研究成果为人类健康服务。

A Brief Analysis of Encyclopedia of DNA Elements

In September,2012,more than 30 papers published on Nature,Genome Research,and Genome Biology,the ENCODE(Encyclopedia of DNA Elements) project achieved its first success.After the HGP(Human Genome Project) came to an end with a map of human genome sequence in 2001,we didn't know clearly how/where genes regulated by other factors.So,in September 2003,National Human Genome Research Institute launched a public research consortium named ENCODE,the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements,to identify all functional elements in the human genome sequence.Researchers pinpointed hundreds of thousands of landing spots for proteins that influence gene activity,many thousands of stretches of DNA that code for different types of RNA,and lots of places where chemical modifications serve to silence stretches of our chromosomes,concluding that 80% of the genome was biochemically active.Here,we review correlative information of about ENCODE and give readers instructions to recognize and apply achievements of ENCODE for human health service.