几种植物提取物对萝卜蚜的光活化杀虫活性

采用索氏提取和水蒸馏法,分别获得黄皮种子甲醇、石油醚提取物,万寿菊根甲醇提取物和猪毛蒿精油。以不同的浓度并结合紫外光光照处理,发现黄皮种子甲醇提取物在浓度1～5 mg/mL的浓度范围内,对萝卜蚜的死亡率为60%～90%,光照与非光照处理,其死亡率不存在显著差异;其石油醚提取物浓度5 mg/mL时,则显示出光活化效应,光照与非光照的死亡率分别为34.77%和19.29%。猪毛蒿精油浓度0.5 mg/mL和5 mg/mL时,不显示出光活化效应,但在1 mg/mL时则表现出显著的光活化效果,光照与非光照的死亡率分别为83.65%和24.15%。万寿菊根甲醇提取物浓度5 mg/mL时,光照与非光照的死亡率分别为23.91%和9.74%,表现出光活化效应。

Study on the photoactivited toxicity of several plant extracts to Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach)

Three plant species were extracted with methanol and petroleum ether by Soxhlet's method and water distillation.The results of photoactivated toxicity of the extracts against Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach) showed that the mortality of the aphids tested was between 60% and 90% using the methanol extract of Phellodendron chinense Schneid seed under the concentration of 1-5mg/mL,without significant difference between light treatment and non-light treatment.However,the extracts of the plants with petroleum ether,at the concentration of 5mg/mL,resulted in a mortality of(34.77%) or 19.22% with or without light treatment,respectively,showing the effects of photoactivation.The essential oil of Artemisia scoparia showed no photoactivated effects on the insects under light at 0.5 mg/mL and 5 mg/mL,while the extract at 1 mg/mL led to a mortality of 83.65% or 24.15% with or without light treatment,respectively,with significant photoactivation.The mortality from the methanol extracts of Tagetes eracta roots at 5 mg/mL with or without light was 23.91% or 9.74%,respectively,showing slight light effects.