不同饲料作物对苏打盐碱土改良效应研究

为探明不同饲料作物种植对苏打盐碱土改良的影响，以内蒙古科尔沁旗苏打盐碱地为研究对象，设置3个土壤等级(中、良、优)和5个饲料作物种类(高丹草、稗草、青贮玉米、湖南稷子、甜高粱)，共计15个处理，研究不同土壤等级下，饲料作物对土壤盐化碱化、养分含量变化的影响，并根据模糊物元-熵权模型进行土壤改良效应评价。结果表明：饲料作物收获后土壤平均p H较播种前降低1.64%，种植前后土壤p H差异不显著；土壤EC、总可溶性盐、碱化度显著降低(P<0.05)。不同饲料作物种植降低土壤Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、HCO₃^–+CO₃^2–含量，提高土壤K⁺+Na⁺、Cl^–含量，对土壤SO₄^2–含量影响存在差异，收获后土壤碱解氮和速效钾含量比播种前分别降低15.15%、24.06%。基于模糊物元-熵权模型得出，青贮玉米对土壤盐渍化程度较高的土壤改良效果更佳，而甜高粱与高丹...

Improvement Effects of Different Feed Crops on Soda Saline-alkali Soil

To investigate the effects of different forage crop cultivation on soil improvement in soda saline-alkali land. Taking the soda saline-alkali land of Horqin Banner, Inner Mongolia as the research object. 3 soil grades (medium, good and excellent) and 5 forage crop species (Gaodan grass, barnyard grass, silage corn, Hunan millet, sweet sorghum) were set, for a total of 15 treatments. The effects of forage crops on soil salinization and alkalinization and nutrient content changes under different soil grades were studied, and soil improvement effects were evaluated according to the fuzzy matter-entropy weight model. The results showed that the average soil pH of forage crops after harvest decreased by 1.64% compared with that before sowing. There was no significant difference in soil pH before and after planting (P>0.05), significantly decreased soil EC, total soluble salt, alkalinity degree (P<0.05). Different forage crops decreased soil Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3-+CO32- contents, and increased soil K++Na+, Cl- contents, and had different effects on soil SO42- contents. After harvest, soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium contents decreased by 15.15% and 24.06%, respectively, compared with before sowing. Based on the fuzzy matter-entropy weight model, it was concluded that silage corn had better improvement effect on the soil with higher salinization, while sweet sorghum and Gaodan grass were more suitable for the soil with less salinization. Soil salinization and alkalization parameters were more affected by salt ion concentration than soil nutrient index. Available potassium was positively correlated with total soluble salt, alkalization degree and EC (P<0.05), indicating that the increase of soil saline-alkali index content promoted the accumulation and transformation of soil available potassium to a certain extent. In general, forage crops are feasible for soda saline-alkali land and have a certain effect in inhibiting soil salinization.