免耕技术研究进展

免耕是适合中国国情的实用技术,对中国农业可持续发展作用甚大。在此,阐述了免耕定义、原理、作用及免耕的历史与发展,归纳了免耕对土壤水分、温度、土壤物理、土壤化学、土壤生物学和作物生长发育及最终产量、经济效益方面等的影响:免耕由于减少了土壤蒸发,有利于提高水分利用效率,促进作物生长;但免耕降低土壤温度,特别是春季,不利于作物的生长,同时,免耕土壤结构、土壤微生物数量与活性相对稳定有利于提高养分利用效率和作物生长。在产量和效益方面,免耕有利于提高产量,更有利于提高效益。

The Review of the Zero-tillage research

The Zero-tillage is a practical technology in china and played a very important role to sustainable agriculture development. The article introduces the definition, principle, function and history, development of zero-tillage, conclude the discusses of Zero-illage system on soil water content, soil temperature physics, soil chemistry, soil micro-biomass and crops growth, development, yield, benefit: In Zero-tillage system, soil water evaropation was reduced by crops straw so water content was increased, that was good to crops growth; Soil temperatures was decreased by crops straw, especially in spring, that made serious problem in crops growth. At the same time, In Zero-tillage system, soil construction and account and activision of soil micro-biomass were relative stabilize, that benefited increasing nutrient utilization radio and crops growing. At the yield and benefit aspects, zero-tillage system benefit increasing yield, especially increasing benefit.