三峡地区引种美国牧草试验初报

随着中国经济的持续增长,要求改善生态环境、防治水土流失的呼声也越来越高。对于该问题,需要用可持续发展的方针加以解决。方法之一就是在条件适合的地方种植豆科植物和禾本科草。长江水土保持局与美国俄勒冈草种协会合作进行引种美国牧草试验研究,试验区选择在紧邻三峡大坝的湖北省宜昌市夷陵区三斗坪镇花鸡坡,试验期为2000年10月—2003年10月,对美国8种草种进行了产量和水土保持径流小区试验观测。在此,重点介绍了观测的过程,并对牧草的生长情况和水土保持能力进行了比较,认为多年生黑麦草、剪股颖等草系在其生长期内能够显著提高地面覆盖率,产草量高,可以在水土保持治理措施和退耕还林还草等项目中推广。

Experiment and Study on Introduction of American Grasses

With sustainable increasing of China''s economy, the voice of improving ecological environment and preventing and controlling water and soil loss is higher and higher. The principle of sustainable development should be applied to settle this problem. One way is to plant leguminous plants and grasses in place with suitable condition. This test made observation on output and the plot experiment on water and soil conservation of 8 American grasses. This paper focused on the process of observation, compared grasses growth with their water and soil containing ability, it consider that grasses such as perennial vyerass and colouial bentgrass could greatly improve percentage of surface coverage in their growth period, their grass output is high, they could be popularized in water and soil conserving and harnessing and in the project of returning land for farming to forestry and grass.