中国养殖业中的外来物种入侵现象调查分析

采用文献调研、实地考察与专家咨询相结合的方法对调查了中国养殖业中外来物种入侵现象进行了调查。初步查明了中国养殖业中外来入侵物种种类共计27科40种,其中外来入侵水生植物、陆生植物、无脊椎动物、脊椎动物分别为5种、10种、3种、22种;来源于美洲、欧洲、非洲、亚洲和中国不同生态环境的分别有22种、3种、6种、3种、6种;中国养殖业中的外来物种入侵途径以不当的有目的的引入为主;外来物种入侵已对中国生物多样性、人民健康和经济造成了严重影响。针对中国养殖业中造成外来物种入侵的原因,需要采取必要的防治措施以促进中国养殖业的顺利发展。

Investigation on and Analysis of Alien Invasions in Chinese Farming Industry

It is necessary to launch an investigation on alien invasions in Chinese farming industry. Data on classification, origin, pathway and impacts of alien invasive were analyzed, based on literature research, field survey and consultation. 40 alien invasive species have been identified in Chinese farming industry. The number of species of alien invasive Aquatic plant, Terrestrial plant, Invertebrate, Vertebrate were 5, 10, 3, 22. The number of alien invasive species originating form America, Europe, Africa, Asia and difference ecological distribution in China were 22, 3, 6, 3, 6. Blind intentional introduction is the main pathway of alien invasion. Alien invasion has caused serious impacts on biodiversity, people''s health and economy. According to the cause of Alien invasions, some important control measures should be carried out in order to ensure the development of Chinese farming industry.