三江源隆宝湖湿地植物群落特征及其土壤理化性质

研究三江源隆宝湖湿地植物群落特征及其土壤理化性质,为周边地区土地资源合理利用及生态环境治理提供科学依据。隆宝湖湿地由嵩草群落(Kobresia tibetica Maxim.community)、蔗草群落(Scirpus tricqueter L.community)和苔草群落((2arex moorcroftii Falc.ex Boott community)3种群落组成,嵩草植物群落隶属7科12属,以西藏嵩草(Kobresia tibetica Maxim.)为优势种;蔗草植物群落隶属7科10属,以蔗草(Scirpus triqueter L.)为优势种;苔草植物群落隶属6科6属,以青藏苔草(Carex moorcroftii Falc.ex Boott)为优势种。苔草群落、蔗草群落、嵩草群落优势度依次降低,辛普森指数、香农-威纳指数依次升高;苔草群落的均匀度指数显著高于蔗草群落与嵩草群落(P0.05)。嵩草群落土壤含水量高于蔗草群落和苔草群落;pH和土壤密度在3种不同群落土壤中差异不显著(P0.05),且3个群落的pH在0~10 cm、10~20 cm、20~30 cm内均依次降低;土壤有机碳、全氮、水解氮含量随嵩草群落、蔗草群落、苔草群落逐渐降低;土壤全磷、有效磷亦随嵩草群落、蔗草群落、苔草群落呈现降低的趋势。3个群落(苔草群落、蔗草群落、嵩草群落)的土壤密度(g·cm~-3)分别在20~30 cm、0~10 cm、10~20 cm土层最高;3个群落的含水量(%)分别在在10~20 cm、10~30 cm、20~30 cm的土层最高;3个群落的有机质(g·kg~(-1))分别在0~10 cm、0~10 cm、10~20 am的土层最高;3个群落的全氮(g·kg~(-1))分别在10~20 cm、10~20 cm、0~10 cm的土层最高;3个群落的水解氮(g·kg~(-1))均在0~10 cm土层最高;3个群落的全磷(mg·kg~(-1))分别在0~10 cm、0~10cm、10~20 cm的土层最高;3个群落的有效磷(mg·kg~(-1))均在20~30 cm土层最高。

Analysis of plant community and soil physic-chemical characteristics in Longbao Lake wetland

Carex moorcroftii community was significantly higher than that of Scirpus triqueter community and Kobresia tibetica community (P<0.05). The pH, soil density, moisture content, organic matter, total phosphorus, hydrolytic nitrogen, available phosphorus and total nitrogen in 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil layers of the three plant communities were studied. The results are as follows: the soil moisture content in Kobresia tibetica community was higher than that in Scirpus triqueter. and Carex moorcroftii communities; the differences in pH and soil density among three different communities were not significant (P>0.05), and the pH values in soil layers of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm of the three communities decreased in turn; soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen decreased gradually in the order of Kobresia tibetica, Scirpus triqueter, Carex moorcroftii communities. Total phosphorus and available phosphorus also showed the tendency of reduction in the order of Kobresia tibetica, Scirpus triqueter, Carex moorcroftii communities. The soil density in Carex moorcroftii community was the highest in 20-30 cm soil layer, while that in Scirpus triqueter and Kobresia tibetica communities was the highest in 0-10cm and 10-20 cm soil layer, respectively. The moisture content of Carex moorcroftii community was the highest in 10-20 cm soil layer, and that of Scirpus triqueter community was the same in 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil layers, while that of Kobresia tibetica community was the highest in 20-30 cm soil layer. The organic matter in Carex moorcroftii and Scirpus triqueter communities was both the highest in 0-10 cm soil layer, while that in Kobresia tibetica community was the highest in 10-20 cm soil layer; total nitrogen in Kobresia tibetica and Scirpus triqueter communities was both the highest in 10-20 cm soil layer, while which in Carex moorcroftii community was the highest in 0-10 cm soil layer; the hydrolytic nitrogen in Carex moorcroftii, Scirpus triqueter and Kobresia tibetica communities was all the highest in 0-10 cm soil layer; the total phosphorus in Scirpus triqueter and Kobresia tibetica communities was both the highest in 0-10 cm soil layer, while that in Carex moorcroftii community was the highest in 10-20 cm soil layer; the available phosphorus in Carex moorcroftii, Scirpus triqueter and Kobresia tibetica communities was all the highest in 20-30 cm soil layer.