基于Geodetector的滇中岩溶区石漠化空间分布特征及影响因子分析

为探究滇中岩溶区石漠化在不同影响因子上的空间分布特征以及对影响因子定量归因,基于Landsat、DEM等遥感数据和社会经济数据,结合RS-GIS技术和地理探测器模型(Geodetector)获取石漠化信息和各影响因子的贡献率。结果表明:(1)滇中岩溶区石漠化总面积为3015.04 km²,占研究区总土地面积的5%,占岩溶面积的13.36%。(2)在不同岩性中,石漠化主要分布在碳酸盐岩与碎屑岩中,占总石漠化面积的62%;在不同土地利用方式中,石漠化主要分布在草地,占总石漠化面积的48.62%;在不同坡度下,石漠化主要分布在8°-15°范围内,占总石漠化面积的32.01%;从人口密度和第一生产总值看,石漠化主要分布在100-200人/km²和>40×10⁸元范围内,占总石漠化面积的比例分别为54.77%和44.33%。(3)地理探测器揭示了滇中岩溶区石漠化驱动因子的权重大小为:土地利用(q=0.42)>坡度(q=0.29)>岩性(q=0.17)>第一生产总值(q=0.14)>人口密度(q=0.14);交互探测器揭示了2个因子共同作用时,对石漠化形成的贡献率最大的是土地利用和坡度(q=0.58),其次是土地利用和岩性(q=0.50)。研究区石漠化在不同影响因子上的分布具有显著差异,人为和自然因素中最显著的影响因子分别是土地利用类型和坡度。

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Rocky Desertification in Karst Areas of Central Yunnan Based on Geodetector

This study is to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of different influencing factors of rocky desertification in the karst area of central Yunnan,and to quantitatively attribute the influence factors.Rocky desertification information and the contribution rate of each impact factor were obtained based on Landsat,DEM and other remote sensing data and socio-economic data,combined with RS-GIS technology and geodetector model(Geodetector).The results showed:(1)The total area of rocky desertification in the karst area of central Yunnan is 3015.04 km 2,accounting for 5%of the total land area of the study area and 13.36%of the karst area.(2)Among different lithologies,rocky desertification is mainly distributed in carbonate rocks and clastic rocks,accounting for 62%of the total rocky desertification area;in different land use patterns,rocky desertification is mainly distributed in grassland,accounting for 48.62%of the total rocky desertification area;under different slopes,rocky desertification is mainly distributed in the range of 8°-15°,accounting for 32.01%of the total rocky desertification area;from the perspective of population density and first GDP,rocky desertification is mainly distributed in the range of 100-200 people/km²and>4 billion yuan,accounting for 54.77%and 44.33%of the total rocky desertification area,respectively.(3)The geodetector revealed that the weight of the driving factors for rocky desertification in the karst area of central Yunnan is:land use(q=0.42)>slope(q=0.29)>lithology(q=0.17)>first GDP(Q=0.14)>population density(q=0.14);The interactive detector revealed that when the two factors work together,land use and slope(q=0.58)contribute the most to rocky desertification,followed by land use and lithology(q=0.50).There are significant differences in the distribution of rocky desertification in the study area on different influencing factors.The most significant influencing factors of man-made and natural factors are land use type and slope respectively.