采收成熟度对清香型烤烟产质量的影响

目的]明确采收成熟度对清香型烤烟产质量的影响,探索清香型烤烟采收质量标准。方法]以云烟85为材料,进行了烟叶的不同采收成熟度的烘烤试验。结果]烟叶产量随着采收成熟度的增加而呈显著的直线下降趋势,但产值、均价以及中上等烟比例则是成熟采收最高。随着成熟度的增加,上部烟叶的还原糖、总糖和总氮逐渐增加,烟碱先下降后略微增加;中部烟叶还原糖含量逐渐增加,总糖含量先增加后下降;下部烟叶烟碱、还原糖和总糖含量呈逐渐下降趋势,总氮先增加后下降。结论]建议云烟85采收标准为:下部叶提早采收,外观特征以叶色开始褪绿,初显黄色,叶形呈现弯曲;中上部叶成熟采收,外观特征为叶片呈现明显黄色,主脉变白1/2以上,茎叶角度接近直角,叶片弯曲呈弓型。研究可为贵州清香型烟叶开发提供理论依据。

Effects of Collecting Leaf Maturity on the Yield and Quality of Mild Aromatic Tobacco

Objective] To define the effect of collecting leaf maturity on the yield and quality of mild aromatic tobacco and find out the collection standard.Method] The flue-cured test was conducted with the cultivar Yunyan 85 as material.Result] The results showed that the yield decrease linearly with the increase of collecting leaf maturity,but the production value,average price and the rate of middle and high class leaf reach the highest point when the leaves are maturely collected.With the increase of maturity,the contents of reducing sugar,total sugar and total nitrogen in upper leaves rise gradually but the situation opposites in lower leaves;in the middle leaves,the reducing sugar content ascends slowly,and the total sugar increase first and descend afterward.Conclusion] It was recommend that the collection standards of the cultivar Yunyan85 are premature collecting（leaves begin chlorisis） in the lower leaves,mature collection（leaves turn yellow,more than half of the main vein whiten,and the angle between leaf stalk and stem reaches nearly 90 degree） in the middle and upper leaves.