美洲黑杨种质资源生长和物候性状分析

以引进的美洲黑杨为材料建立基因库，通过比较分析该基因库7年生美洲黑杨的物候、生长、性别等特征，为资源评价和开发利用提供技术支持。结果表明：不同无性系间物候和生长特征变异丰富，生长和物候性状相关分析结果表明叶片变色落叶晚，有利于树高和胸径的快速增长。其中雄株中的优良比例和选育潜力更具有优势，在后期的良种培育中要适当重视雄株的选择。结合材积、胸径、物候生长季等性状从443份种质中筛选出优良无性系41个，对选出的系号统计发现，有25个无性系的母本来自于密西西比河流域，占比约60.98%，尤其是材积最大的5个无性系，其母本均来自于密西西比河下游天然林优株。总体来看，该基因库遗传多样性丰富，无性系间生长、物候等特征差异大，322、331-9、329-26、1-31等无性系表现优良，具备良好的选育潜力。

Study on the Growth and Phenological Characteristics of Populus deltoides Germplasms

The gene bank constructed from Populus deltoides, provides technical support for resource evaluation and exploitation. The phenological, growth and gender characteristics of 7 years old P. deltoides in this gene bank were analyzed. The results showed that the phenology and growth characteristics of different clones were rich. The results of correlation analysis between growth and phenological characters indicated that the leaves fell late, which was beneficial to the growth of tree height and DBH. The excellent proportion and breeding potential of male plant were more advantageous, appropriate attention should be paid to the selection of male plant in the future. Combination with volume, DBH, phenological growing season and other traits, 41 excellent clones were selected from 443 germplasm. The statistical results of selected clones showed that the female parent of 25 clones were from Mississippi River basin, accounting for about 60.98%. Especially the female parent of the 5 clones with the largest volume come from the superior plant of the natural forests in the lower reaches of the Mississippi River. On the whole, the gene bank was rich in genetic diversity, the characteristics of growth and phenology were different among the clones, and 322, 331-9, 329-26, 1-31 performed well, which had good breeding potential.