山西花生地方品种芽期耐寒性鉴定及SSR遗传多样性

低温寒害是引起花生产量和品质下降的主要因素之一, 培育和种植高产稳产耐寒性强的品种是降低低温寒害的理想途径。然而高耐寒性种质的缺乏和耐寒性鉴定的困难, 是限制耐寒性育种取得突破的主要原因。本研究对72份山西花生地方品种进行芽期耐寒性鉴定, 以其相对发芽率和相对发芽指数作为耐寒性评价指标, 初步将其分为高耐寒、耐寒、中感、敏感、高感5级。为了解山西花生地方品种耐寒性遗传多样性, 合理、高效利用耐寒型花生资源, 用多态性好的90对SSR引物评价了不同耐寒性花生品种, 结果显示, 参试品种遗传多样性存在较大差异, 在遗传距离为0.4时, 被聚类为三大类群。3份高耐寒品种和7份耐寒品种分别聚类到不同的3个类群中, 说明耐寒性花生遗传多样性丰富。

Identification of Cold-tolerance During Germination Stage and Genetic Diversity of SSR Markers in Peanut Landraces of Shanxi Province

Cold injury is one of the main factors causing yield and quality decline in peanut. Cultivating and planting varieties with high and stable yield and strong cold tolerance is an ideal way to reduce cold injury, However, the lack of high cold tolerant germplasm and the difficulty of cold tolerance identification are the main reasons to limit the breakthrough of cold tolerance breeding. In this study, 72 local peanut varieties in Shanxi province were identified for cold tolerance at germination stage. Based on their relative germination rate and relative germination index, the cold tolerance of 72 peanut cultivars we preliminarily divided the 72 peanut cultivars into five grades, namely high-cold-tolerant type, cold-tolerant type, middle type, sensitive type, and high sensitive type. Ninety pairs of SSR primers with good polymorphism were used to evaluate the peanut cultivars with different cold-tolerance levels, and to examine the genetic diversity of cold-tolerant peanut landraces in Shanxi province making rational and efficient use of cold tolerant peanut resources. The tested cultivars were highly different in genetic diversity and were clustered into three groups with genetic distance of 0.4. Three high-cold-tolerant cultivars and seven cold-tolerant cultivars were clustered into three different groups, indicating that the cold-tolerant peanut varieties are rich in genetic diversity.