小麦主要农艺性状和收获指数的灰色关联度分析

为探讨小麦农艺性状间的相互关系及其对产量形成的影响,进一步为河南省超高产育种提供参考,选用9个小麦新品种(系)为材料,对株高、穗颈长、穗粒数、千粒重、主茎生物产量、总生物产量、单株产量和收获指数进行灰色关联度分析。结果表明:与单株产量密切相关的性状依次是总生物产量(0.699 6)>主茎生物产量(0.479 1)>穗粒数(0.452 0)>千粒重(0.419 7)>株高(0.257 3)>穗颈长(0.208 7)>穗长(0.204 4)>收获指数(0.195 3);与收获指数密切相关的性状依次是穗颈长(0.397 7)>穗长(0.353 8)>穗粒数(0.283 7)>主茎生物产量(0.259 9)>株高(0.223 2)>千粒重(0.221 2)>单株产量(0.180 3)>总生物产量(0.175 6)。据此提出小麦超高产育种目标:在保证穗粒数和收获指数的基础上,通过选择生物产量高、穗子长、穗粒数多和千粒重高的性状,可以获得超高产。

Gray Relational Grade Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits and Harvest Index of Wheat

To explore the relationship of wheat agronomic traits and its effect on yield and further provide the reference for super high yield breeding in Henan province,nine new wheat cultivars were selected as materials to analyze the gray correlations between plant height,grain number per spike,peduncle length,stem biomass,total biomass yield,1 000-grain weight and harvest index.The results showed that the order of gray correlation with yield per plant was total biomass yield(0.699 6)>main stem biomass yield(0.479 1)>grain number per spike(0.452 0)>1 000-grain weight(0.419 7)>plant height(0.257 3)>peduncle length(0.208 7)>ear length(0.204 4)>harvest index(0.195 3),while the order of gray correlation with harvest index was peduncle length(0.397 7)>ear length(0.353 8)>grain number per spike(0.283 7)>main stem biomass yield(0.259 9)>plant height(0.223 2)>1 000-grain weight(0.221 2)>yield per plant(0.180 3)>total biomass yield(0.175 6).This indicated that,for breeding the wheat variety with super high yield,the biomass yield,grain number per spike and 1 000-grain weight should be increased on the basis of high spike number and harvest index.