基于PLC的养殖场氨气生物氧化装置设计与试验

随着畜禽养殖业生产规模化、集约化不断提高,养殖场氨气排放控制日益受到关注。养殖场氨气不经处理直接排放到大气中,一方面与SO_2和NO_x结合生成大气二次颗粒物,降低大气能见度。另一方面铵的沉降还可造成土壤酸化及水体富营养化等环境问题。针对上述问题,根据生物法原理,设计了基于PLC控制的养殖场氨气生物氧化装置,实现了p H值控制、风机的启停控制、生物反应器中各环境参数的实时测量、环境参数曲线的实时显示和监测数据的自动存储等功能。设计后在北京某猪场进行了中试装置的示范搭建,运行结果表明:该装置对氨气去除率达到90%,具有运行稳定可靠、运行成本低等特点。

Design and Experiment of Farm Ammonia Bio-oxidation Device Based on PLC

With the increasing scale and intensive production of the livestock and poultry breeding industry, more and more attention has been paid to ammonia emission reduction from the animal farm. Ammonia discharged directly into the atmosphere would combine with SO2 or NOx to form secondary particles which can reduce atmospheric visibility. Moreover, the NH3 emission is related to the risk of environmental problems such as soil acidification and water eutrophication. Ammonia is the stench gas emission in farms as one of the major pollutants in farms. Emission control of farm ammonia is an important part of air pollution control. There is a big gap in the research and application of environmental protection unit and automatic control system between our country and abroad. Biomass removal technology has attracted more and more attention due to its advantages of high efficiency, no secondary pollution, good safety, simple equipment construction, easy operation and maintenance, and low cost. A pilot ammonia bio-oxidation device based on the biological principle and PLC control was set up in a pig farm in Beijing. It realized the automatic storage and adjustment of pH value, the ventilation control, the real-time measurement and curve display of environment parameters in the bioreactor. After the system in pig farm was running stable, long term test and continuous test were adopted to detect the treatment effect of ammonia oxidation device. After two-month operation, the ammonia removal efficiency could reach up to 90%. The device has the advantages of stable and reliable operation, together with low operation cost.