甘蔗宿根矮化病菌多克隆抗体的制备

 甘蔗宿根矮化病（Ratoon stunting disase,RSD）是甘蔗生产中最为严重的细菌病害之一,常导致感病品种新植蔗减产10%～15%,宿根蔗减产20%～25%,在干旱的情况下感病品种的宿根蔗产量损失可达60%^［1］。RSD病原菌为 Leifsonia xyli subsp.xyli（Lxx）,寄生于甘蔗木质部导管内,革兰氏阳性^［2］,体外分离培养非常困难。该病害自从1944 年首次在澳大利亚昆士兰州的甘蔗品种Q28 上发现以来,在世界各产区普遍发生,现已广泛分布于各甘蔗种植区。该菌主要通过带菌种茎和砍收工具传播^［3］,已感病的蔗株又无明显的外部症状,从而导致该病害无意识地传播,造成病害蔓延,对甘蔗生产危害极大。甘蔗宿根矮化病的检测方法主要有形态学、血清学、分子生物学等方法,血清学由于具有操作简便、准确性高、灵敏度好,同时能够处理大量样品而在国外被广泛采用。目前国内所用的RSD血清全部依赖于国外进口,检测成本高,使得血清学方法无法在国内普及。为此我们分离纯化了RSD的病原菌并制备了RSD的多克隆抗体,为甘蔗宿根矮化病敏感、稳定和快捷的检测提供了必要的保证。

Preparation of antiserum against the bacteria of sugarcane ratoon stunting disease

To produce the antiserum of ratoon stunting disease (RSD) of sugarcane, RSD bacteria were isolated from the cane juice of infected sugarcane plants using the improved SC medium, and then identified according to PCR detection results. ELISA was used for the titer determination, and Tissue Blot Immunoassay (TBIA) detection was done to compare the detection capacity between homedade RSD antiserums and the imported one from USA. The results showed that the isolated pathogen is similar to the reported Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (Lxx) in morphology. A specific PCR product with the molecular size of 438 bp was also amplified from both bacteria. The ELISA titer of antiserum against Lxx was greater than 1:256 000. The TBIA detection results using homemade RSD antiserum were consistent with those detected by RSD antiserum from USA.